CHAPTER 2 Duane A. Garrett & Jason S. DeRouchie

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Presentation transcript:

CHAPTER 2 Duane A. Garrett & Jason S. DeRouchie A MODERN GRAMMAR FOR BIBLICAL HEBREW (B&H, 2009)

Pointed Vowel Letters and the Silent Shewa CHAPTER 2

only in pronoun suffixes The Vowel Letters LETTER SYMBOL CLASS NAME SOUND QUANTITY COMMENTS י בִּי I Hiriq Yod “ee” of “seek” long unchangeable בֵּי Tsere Yod “e” of “hey” בֶּי Seghol Yod “e” of “set” short only in pronoun suffixes ו בּוֹ U Holem Waw “o” of “hole” בּוּ Shureq “oo” of “mood” ה בָּה A Qamets Hey “a” of “father” only at end of word בֵּה Tsere Hey “a” of “way” בֶּה Seghol Hey בֹּה Holem Hey

Vowel Letters Are Not Consonants!

How Many Consonants? אֱלֹהִים כְּלִי שִׁלֹה שֹׁפְטִים אִישׁ סוּסָה עִיר מַלְכָּה

Distinguishing Vocal & Silent Shewa LOCATION NATURE EXAMPLE Beginning of word Vocal בְּרִית "Covenant" End of word Silent מֶ֫לֶךְ "King" Middle of word After short vowel or accented vowel מַלְכָּה תִּקְטֹ֫לְנָה "Queen" "You will kill" After shewa or unaccented long vowel יִקְטְלוּ שֹׁפְטִים "They will kill" "Judges"

Basic Rules of Syllable Division Always begins with a consonant and has only one vowel: דָּ/בָר not דָּב/ ָר Two types: Open = CV (דָּ); Closed = CVC (בָר) Except at the end of a word, a closed syllable always ends in silent Shewa: A pointed vowel letter is simply a vowel: Closed: אֵין (two consonants, one vowel) Open: מַלְ/כָּה (word ends in a vowel) מַלְ/כָּה < מַלְכָּה דָּ/בָר < דָּבָר

How Many Syllables? אֱלֹהִים כְּלִי שִׁלֹה שֹׁפְטִים אִישׁ סוּסָה עִיר מַלְכָּה אֱ/לֹ/הִים כְּ/לִי Every syllable begins with a consonant and has only one vowel Open = CV; Closed = CVC Closed syllables end in silent Shewa, except at the end of a word שִׁ/לֹה שֹׁ/פְ/טִים אִישׁ סוּ/סָה עִיר מַלְ/כָּה

Pronounce & Syllabify מִיכָאֵל מָשִׁיחַ רוּת זְכַרְיָה דָּוִיד נָתָן אַהֲרֹן דָּנִיֵּאל

Workbook: Translation & Syllabification אֵין אִישׁ אֱלֹהִים בְּ בְּרִית יֵשׁ כְּלִי מַלְכָּה אֵין אִישׁ אֱ/לֹ/הִים בְּ בְּ/רִית יֵשׁ כְּ/לִי מַלְ/כָּה

Workbook: Translation & Syllabification מִשְׁפָּט סוּס עִיר מְלָכִים שֹׁפְטִים סוּסָה אָשֵׁר שִׁלֹה מִשְׁ/פָּט סוּס עִיר מְ/לָ/כִים שֹׁ/פְ/טִים סוּ/סָה אָ/שֵׁר שִׁ/לֹה