Chapter 11: Encouraging Immigration (242-262) Government strategies to encourage immigration from Europe

Chapter Inquiry How did the massive immigration to Canada near the turn of the 20th century affect the complex identity of our country?

4 Main Concepts: Need or Immigrants Push & Pull Factors Church & Immigration Francophones

VOCABULARY Discrimination Push factor Internal migration Red Fife wheat Pacifists Marquis wheat Pull factor

Canada’s Peoples Episode 13 – 0-2:00 Immigration

Background At first, Canada didn’t attract many immigrants. WHY? Travel was very long Most people went to U.S.A. Soon, immigrants came to Western Canada. WHY did people leave their home country and come to Canada?

The Need for Immigrants

In 1881, just over 4 million people lived in Canada. 89% were either British or French and the majority lived in the Eastern part of the country. Canada elected a new Prime Minister (Sir Wilfred Laurier) who really believed that Canada’s economy would boom!

Sir Wilfrid Laurier Laurier was Canada’s 1st French Canadian Prime Minister. “The 20th Century belongs to Canada.” He meant that Canada’s economy would soon get very big. He thought Canada would become a great nation.

WHAT DID HE WANT!? 1. PEOPLE! The West needed to be populated. 2. Laurier also needed new workers who could come and take jobs in the growing Canadian industries. 3. Mines were producing 3 times the amount of gold and copper in 1914 than in 1896 and the West was producing 10 times the wheat.

How did Laurier get people to Canada!? Doubled the amount of railway track. Advertisement for immigrants in far-away countries. Government went overseas to recruit interested groups & offered them special treatment.

Which Groups were interested in Immigrants? Private Groups (Land Purchase & Resale) Church Groups Railway Companies (CPR)

Canada Calling: How Did They Get People?

CLIFFORD SIFTON

How did they get the people? Clifford Sifton (He was in charge of Immigration to Canada) Main Goal: Attract people to Canada!

Canada: Propoganda 1. Sifton had millions of posters and pamphlets made in many different languages. 2. Government brought foreign journalists to Canada to tour the country and write articles to put in papers in Europe. 3. He sent speakers around the world to promote Canada West. He had a dead buffalo stuffed and sent to London to promote the west!

POSTERS!

Who did Sifton target? Many groups around the world in an attempt to bring immigrants to Canada. 1. The US citizens who could farm as farming was very important in the West. 2. Great Britain so that more British settlers would move in strengthening the culture. 3. Eastern Europe citizens who could farm and would be able to adapt to English ways of life.

Betraying Confederation? Sifton only went after immigrants who spoke English or would learn English and adopt that way of life. Farmland was scarce in Quebec but he did not advertise about moving west to the people of Quebec. The government had a vision of one land and one language especially in the west.

THE TRAP… Misled advertisements. Life was harder living in Canada than it looked like on the posters and pamphlets. When they arrived to the West, they needed to build shelters before winter. Tough living.

PUSH FACTORS Population Growth Religious Persecution PUSH FACTORS: Reasons people leave their homelands. EMIGRANTS Population Growth Religious Persecution Political Persecution Natural Disaster Affordable Travel

PULL FACTORS PULL FACTORS: Reasons that influence people to choose a certain country. IMMIGRANTS Free Land Jobs Completed Railway Better Machinery Improved Farming Techniques Growing Demand for Wheat Religious & Political Freedom Friends & Family

CHURCHES & IMMIGRATION PACIFISTS: Person who opposed violence. THE BARR COLONY #1 - Isaac Barr: He did everything he could to fill the Canadian West with English Speaking Anglicans! He placed ads over in Britain to try and recruit Anglicans! Due to various reasons colonists forced Barr to resign. They replaced him with Lloyd. He helped newcomers and named the town, Lloydminster.

CHURCHES & IMMIGRATION #2 – The Hutterites: Protestant Pacifists Fled to the U.S.A. Spoke German Americas took their sheep & cattle Then, they moved to southern MB & AB They are still here and live in about 60 colonies

CHURCHES & IMMIGRATION #3 – British Home Children 1867-1924 – 100,000 British children were sent to Canada in hopes they could join Canadian families. Set up Two Organizations: Religious (Church of England Waifs & Strays Society) Charitable (Society for the Suppression of Juvenile Vagrancy)

Francophones in the West How did communities, services and businesses established by Francophones contribute to the overall development of western Canada (i.e., health, education, churches, commerce, politics, journalism, agriculture)?

Leaving Their Mark Names of places: Batoche, SK Bellegarde, SK Beaumont, AB Morinville, AB St. Paul, AB Lac La Biche, AB

Leaving Their Mark Design of farms near the North and South Saskatchewan Rivers and the Red River Farm designs were created in the days of the seigneurial system Plots of land are long and narrow, bordering the river. Houses are close to the river.

Leaving Their Mark Canadien Missionaries travelled into the interior of Canada to set up convents, schools, and hospitals Francophone villages and towns grew near the Catholic missions Ex. The Sisters of Charity, aka Soeurs Grises (Grey Nuns) started a convent and school in St. Bonifice and a hospital at Lac Sainte-Anne. St. Bonifice, Edmonton, AB The Grey Nuns

Leaving Their Mark Look on page 257 to find out what jobs the Francophones created in the West.

Internal Migrants Internal migrants are people who move from one region to another within one country At first, Canadiens felt welcome in the west The Manitoba School system was set up like Quebec’s – It allowed them to speak French and to teach in French After time, Francophones realized that the government would rather create an English-speaking west

Boosting the Francophone Population The Francophone people were worried that they would become a tiny minority The Catholic Church took over attracting more French Catholics to the West Francophones created a special edition of the newspaper Le Courrier de l’Ouest in 1907. The newspaper was distributed in Quebec, Eastern United States, and France.

YOU TUBE CLIPS https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DPIqlu7NwZ4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7-T3coiH-ss https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WXQd21to6xg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p3uSjjgI1qk = Stop at 1:45

CHAPTER IDEAS Create your own advertisement in the form of a poster to invite people to come to Canada to work & live! You want to showcase the good things our country has to offer. This can be a modern version and use present day information. Due: May 20, 2014 Create a format/template/checklist Give them Chapter 11 Test in the form of a QUIZ. It will not affect their overall Social Mark.

POSTER CHECKLIST ___ Hand in on time (May 20) ___ Creative ___ Title for Poster ___ Include at least 5 different images (Draw or print from internet) 5 points ___ Main theme: IMMIGRATION ___ Border or Corner Design TOTAL: /10