Topic 6: Global Management and Leadership Leaders and managers Leadership and organisations Approaches -Traits, behavioral , contingency, Emerging approaches Creativity and leadership Leadership and ethics and diversity Leadership and change

Managers and leaders Motivation versus inspiration Operational versus visionary Improvement versus transformation Removed /resign Responsible to and for / responsible for Manage change/ instigate change What is the difference between a manager and leader? What do each do? -Goals -Influence -Ambiguity

The existing body of Knowledge about leaders The traits approach The behavioural approach The contigency approach

Exercise Taking an organisation of your choice review, discuss and critique the following: Unique strategic mix of people, resources, markets, processes, governance, regulation etc. Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Service Level Agreements (SLAs) Management style – autocratic/paternalistic/democratic/laissez-faire Which style works best? Is there an overall coherency in the combination above (strategically?)

Emerging Leadership Behaviours Boundary spanning leadership Building social exchanges and fairness Creating followership (Howell and Costley, 2006) Universal features of leadership :Project Globe Leadership and creativity Leadership in ethics and diversity Leadership development and organisational change Particular aspects of these behaviours will be considered in greater detail

Exercise Go onto PWC’s web site and review the latest CEO’s annual global survey Review the report What do global CEO’s think? Take notes on the key issues (ensure you appreciate the definitions and meaning in use)

Four Key Elements and types of Change Key elements in change: Types of change –SCOPE and NATURE of change: (Balogen and Hope Hailey,in Johnson et al,2006) Adaption Reconstruction Evolution Revolution Diagnosis Levers/triggers for ... Pitfalls to .... Change agents

Impact on the leader’s new role Impact on leader: -Be aware of cultural and age/demographic issues -Engage in cultural and diversity awareness -Accommodate differences -Scan for continuous opportunities -Keep up-to-date/integrate -Appreciate change management -Welcome uncertainty expectancy & be proactive -Create a mutual ‘fit’ -Leverage all resources The above feature in A Nahavandi’s ‘The Art and Science of Leadership’ ,(2006),4th edition, Pearson Prentice Hall

Importance of communication in Change Effective communication is important Vision and strategic intent must be clear Choice of media is important Involvement of all stakeholders is important Two way communication required Emotional management is essential – symbols, routines etc. Monitor the process avidly Example of a communicator FedEx ‘One Vision, One Voice’

Avoid the ‘Pitfalls’ that destroy change Ritualization of change and initiative overload Hijack of the process Erosion of the reason for change Reinvention (reinterpret according to the old paradigm) Giving too little attention to the symbols of change - Adopting an uncontrolled and badly co-ordinated process Be aware of the process challenge - Appoint a change agent or champion Appreciate and understand the importance of culture - Do not become overconfident, utilise ‘change props’ - Monitor the change and process in depth - Involve people (at all levels) - Pay attention to behavioural compliance

Exercise Look at TATA – which industry sector do they reside in? What is their strategic vision and mission? Who are their directly comparative competitors? This is not an easy task! Produce a brief report on your findings