David A. Ussiri and Chris E. Johnson; Syracuse University

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Presentation transcript:

David A. Ussiri and Chris E. Johnson; Syracuse University Chemical and spectroscopic properties of humic substances from soils and streams of a northeastern forest ecosystem David A. Ussiri and Chris E. Johnson; Syracuse University

Introduction Organic matter regulates ecosystem processes in both soils and natural waters Forms complexes with metals Transport of contaminants in soils and natural waters Acid base chemistry of soils and natural waters

Objectives To characterize organic matter extracted from soils, soil solution and stream water Examine the changing composition of OM as water moves from soils to stream

Methods Soil solution and stream water: Soil solution was collected from six tension-free lysimeter sites in W5 and bulked according to horizons Stream solution was collected above W5 weir Concentrated soil solution and stream water samples were freeze-dried and analyzed by 13-C CPMAS NMR Fulvic acid was extracted from genetic horizons sampled in summer 1998 in W5

SOIL: extract with 0.5M NaOH Solution Fulvic acid Displace with 0.1 NaOH Purify and and freeze-dry Solution: Fulvic acid fraction Pass through acid washed XAD-8 resin Precipitate: Humic acid fraction Acidify and centrifuge

Dissolved organic carbon fractions in soil solution and stream water Results Dissolved organic carbon fractions in soil solution and stream water Source pHw DOC (mol L-1) Hydrophobic Hydrophilic acid base neutral Oa 4.19 878 51 4.0 4.5 40 0.1 Bh 4.45 883 37 0.2 63 Bs 5.10 800 23 3.9 68 4.4 Stream 5.33 75 36 6.4 1.7 29 27

Peak Assignments in 13C CPMAS NMR Ketone C=O COOH/ Amide O-Alkyl-C (Carbohydrates) Aromatic C Alkyl-C

Bulk Stream DOC Bulk soil solution DOC Chemical shifts (ppm) -40 40 80 40 80 120 160 200 240 Bulk Stream DOC Bulk soil solution DOC

Soil fulvic acid Soil solution

Conclusions DOC collected under the Oa horizon had higher concentration of hydrophobic compounds, while the DOC from in the mineral horizons was higher in hydrophilic compounds. Stream DOC was less acidic than the soil solutions.

Conclusions NMR analysis showed that soil solutions had higher fractions of O-alkyl C and lower alkyl C compared to stream water DOC OC isolated from stream water differed in structural composition from OC in soil solution and soil fulvic acid.

Why Isn’t Stream DOC like Soil Solution DOC? Selective immobilization in deep mineral soil (below Bs lysimeters). Importance of riparian-zone soils. In-stream consumption of DOC.