AP Statistics Chapter 5 Section 1

Weaknesses in data production account for most erroneous conclusions in statistical studies.

Do you view lying in any form as wrong? Have you ever lied about something big, such as choices you have made, to your parents? How often do you lie? Rarely Every now and then often

Have you ever specifically told your parents something that was not true concerning school, boyfriend/girlfriend, or something you were involved in that you know they would not like? How many times did you lie to them? 0-5 6-15 16-30 31+ Were these lies ever discovered by your parents? No very few roughly half majority all Do you think dishonesty in any form is wrong? Yes No Not sure

Have you ever lie to keep someone else out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get yourself out of trouble? Have you ever lie to keep someone else out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get something you don’t deserve? Have you ever lied having no hurtful intentions? Have you ever lied to get yourself out of trouble? Have you ever lie to keep someone else out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get something you don’t deserve? Have you ever lied having no hurtful intentions? Have you ever lied having no hurtful intentions? Have you ever lied to get something you don’t deserve? Have you ever lie to keep someone else out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get yourself out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get yourself out of trouble? Have you ever lie to keep someone else out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get something you don’t deserve? Have you ever lied having no hurtful intentions? Have you ever lied to get yourself out of trouble? Have you ever lie to keep someone else out of trouble? Have you ever lied to get something you don’t deserve? Have you ever lied having no hurtful intentions?

Honesty How do you find out the truth about honesty? What to ask? How many questions? How to word the questions? Appearance of survey? What can you do with a questionnaire that would help respondents answer honestly?

Honesty The verbal and non-verbal act of being completely honest and truthful in a particular situation by not withholding any information even if it is for the emotional or physical protection of others. AP Stat class definition 09-10

Vocab sample Voluntary response sample Confounded Statistical inference Population Design Convenience sampling Bias SRS Probability sample Stratified random sample Multistage sample Undercoverage Nonresponse Response bias Wording effects Sampling frame experiment

“70% OF PARENTS SAY KIDS NOT WORTH IT.” The advice columnist Ann Landers once asked her readers, “If you had it to do over again, would you have children?” 70% of the nearly 10,000 parents who wrote in said they would not have children if they could make the choice again. What does this mean? What impression does this leave? How are we tricked by statistics?

Propaganda on attitude toward foreign government 1940 – an experiment conducted to study the effect of propaganda on attitude toward a foreign government Test of attitude toward the German government was administered to a group of American students. They read German propaganda for several months. Tested again for their attitude toward German government to see if their attitudes had changed. LURKING VARIABLE???? Experiment results????

Design Method used to choose the sample from the population. SRS Stratified random sample Multistage sample design

SRS A small accounting firm serves 30 business clients. The accountants want to interview a sample of 5 clients in detail to find ways to improve client satisfaction. 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 Table B pg. 836 Line 120 – 35 47 65 59 72 39 42 16 58 50 04 26 63 54 35 43 74 21 19 37 So, clients 4, 16, 19, 21, and 26 will be the 5 that are interviewed.

Stratified Random Sample Use this design when the population is large and spread out over a wide area. First, divide the population into groups of similar individuals. Then, choose a separate SRS in each stratum and combine these SRSs to form the full sample.

Multistage Design Stage 1 – Take a sample from the 3000 counties in the US Stage 2 – Select a sample of townships within each of the counties chosen. Stage 3 – Select a sample of blocks within each chosen township. Stage 4 – Take a sample of households within each block

Cautions about sample surveys Undercoverage Nonresponse Response bias Wording effects

It is estimated that disposable diapers account for less than 2% of the trash in today’s landfills. In contrast, beverage containers, third-class mail and yard wastes are estimated to account for about 21% of the trash in landfills. Given this, in your opinion, would it be fair to ban disposable diapers?

Randomly Selected Groups Create 5 questions regarding honesty Create an appropriately designed questionnaire