IMAGES A & B SOCRATIVE REVIEW Warm-Up: IMAGES A & B SOCRATIVE REVIEW Image C: Moving Toward Revolution; The Rise of Political Parties; Marxism & Leninism Image D: The Revolution of 1905; Reform, Repression, & Continued Unrest C&D Formative Assessment C Quick Draw Homework/Exit

Review Formative Assessment for: GET YOUR TCI TEXTS Review Formative Assessment for: Images A and B

Image B: Quick Write pg. 284 Describe the image while referring to the following info in 8 to 10 sentences: Alexander II – WHAT WERE HIS REFORMS? Socialism – What is it? “intelligentsia” – students of socialist ideas – DID THEY SPREAD THEIR IDEAS SUCCESSFULLY? 3 Revolutionary Groups: Peasants, factory workers, terrorists (terrorists go underground) Assassination of Alexander II How does Alexander III take control?

1. What was life like for industrial workers in Russia in 1900? Image C: Moving Toward Revolution; The Rise of Political Parties; Marxism & Leninism Sect. 3: IMAGE C pgs. 284-286 1. What was life like for industrial workers in Russia in 1900? 2. Describe the theory of Marxism. 3. What did Marx believe would be the final state of revolution? 4. How did Lenin’s views differ from Marx’s? What was the name of Lenin’s political party?

Czar Nicholas II legalized POLITICAL PARTIES IN RUSSIA: IMAGE C: REVIEWS THE RISE OF POLITICAL PARTIES DURING THE REIGN OF THIS LAST CZAR OF RUSSIA

C1 – What was life like for Industrial workers in Russia in 1900? Bad working conditions Low wages Child labor Labor Unions outlawed Wide Gap between rich & poor Ideas of Marxism begin to trickle into Russian society Industrial workers a great potential source of revolution “The hand that would rule the world”

#2 Describe MARXISM video The working class (proletariat) would overthrow the class of factory owners (bourgeoisie) The working class would then form “a dictatorship of the proletariat”

#3 What did MARX believe would be the final stage of revolution? All citizens would rule themselves in a “classless society” with no need for gov’t – this was called “COMMUNISM”.

TERM: Marxism – the belief that since industrial owners (bourgeoisie) had taken advantage of the working class (proletariat) to make profits, the poor workers would revolt and establish a socialist state. In time, a “classless” society would emerge where people would live cooperatively and without a need for gov’t. This final stage was called “communism” .

TERM: The Mensheviks: socialist political party that followed Marxism.

Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov “The Socialist Revolutionary” Vs. Czar Nicholas II “The Autocrat of Russia” Video 0-3:00

#4 How did Lenin’s views differ from Marx’s? His version of Marxism: Leninism Argued that: a small group of professional revolutionaries from the “intelligentsia” would have to lead the less capable proletariat to revolution! Video 0:00-3:00

#4 What was the name of Lenin’s political party? Lenin was the leader of the Bolshevik Party In 1907 he fled to western Europe to avoid arrest by the Czar Nicholas’ regime He waited in exile for his opportunity to return to Russia Video 0:00-3:00

Bolsheviks: socialist political party that followed Leninism. TERMS Leninism: Lenin’s version of Marxism; since Russian workers didn’t have the class consciousness they needed to launch a revolution, a small group of professional revolutionaries from the “intelligentsia” would have to lead the proletariat to revolution instead. Bolsheviks: socialist political party that followed Leninism.

TERMS Constitutional Democrats (Kadets): Russia’s moderate party; opposed socialism and revolution – wanted capitalism!

Marxism (Mensheviks) vs. Leninism (Bolsheviks)

Image D: The Revolution of 1905; Reform, Repression, & Continued Unrest REVIEW QUESTIONS: SECT. 3 D PGS. 286-287 What caused the 1905 Revolution? What were soviets & what did they do? 3. What reforms did Nicholas II agree to and were they successful? 4. How did Nicholas II attempt to keep control of Russia?

#1 What caused the Revolution of 1905? Russo-Japanese War The Czar’s weakness paved the way for revolution Russo-Japanese War – Russia and Japan both competing for territory in Manchuria and Korea 1904 – Japanese attacked Russia for breaking agreements over the territories. Repeated losses to Japanese sparked unrest at home Video: 3:10

#1 What caused the Revolution of 1905? Bloody Sunday On Jan., 22, 1905 - 200,000 factory workers gathered outside the Czar’s Winter Palace in St. Petersburg They wanted better working conditions, more personal freedom and an elected national legislature

Between 500 & 1000 people were killed Bloody Sunday! Czar’s police chiefs and generals ordered soldiers to fire on the crowd Between 500 & 1000 people were killed Video 6:35

TERMS Bloody Sunday: The massacre of peaceful protesters by Russian troops in St. Petersburg.

Revolution of 1905: This uprising TERMS Revolution of 1905: This uprising of intelligentsia, peasant groups, and factory workers was sparked by Russia’s defeat in the Russo-Japanese War & Bloody Sunday.

#2 What were soviets? What did they do? Video 6:35 Factory workers formed councils called soviets that organized a wave of strikes throughout the country Soviets helped negotiate with police and factory owners throughout this crisis

TERMS soviets: Councils of factory workers that gained power through organized strikes and negotiations with police & factory owners

Czar Nicholas’ Response

#3 What reforms did Nicholas II agree to? In 1905, Nicholas orders creation of a Duma –Russia’s First Parliament Duma met once – intentions were to make Russia a constitutional monarchy similar to Britain Political parties were also legalized in 1905 The Russian people were given basic civil liberties. Violence erupts in the streets

DUMA: A Russian national parliament formed by Czar Nicholas in 1905. TERMS DUMA: A Russian national parliament formed by Czar Nicholas in 1905.

TERMS Civil liberties: Czar Nicholas guaranteed Russian citizens basic personal freedoms that were protected by law in 1905.

Czar Nicholas II's opening speech before the Duma in the Winter Palace (1906)

#3 Were his reforms successful? After 10 weeks the Duma is dissolved Other Dumas meet later – but never have enough real power to make reforms

#4. How did Nicholas II attempt to keep control of Russia? Nicholas relied on secret police to keep the peace Launched a program to give peasants their own land to gain their loyalty.. Came too late though…

Room: Hutch318

Complete Communist Manifesto DBQ

Marx and Engels co-authored the pamphlet 'THE COMMUNIST MANIFESTO’, published in 1848 #1

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Image D: The Revolution of 1905; Reform, Repression, & Continued Unrest Describe while using the following terms: Bloody Sunday in St. Petersburg Russo-Japanese War Revolution of 1905 Soviets (councils of city factory workers) Czar Nicholas II Reforms – Duma/constitution/civil liberties Repression: Secret police, land grants to peasants