Cadiopulmonary resuscitation Basic life support algorithm

OBJECTIVES To know Assessment,airway,breathing, circulation How to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation in adequate manner How to turn the patient in a recovery position The possible problems that may be associated with the BLS

Introduction Initial assessment,Aw maintenance ,expired air ventilation, chest compression No equipment is used Aim is to keep adequate vent. Circulation until equipment can be obtained . In resp failure it can reverse the cause The first 3-4 golden min O2 content ,available and reserve Permanent damage

History Hx of first BLS is in the Bible First medical BLS is in 1744 by Tossach Victorian period 1950 mouth to mouth breathing was rediscovered 1878 closed chest cardiac massage was first used by Boehm Open chest massage became the slandered method of cardiac arrest 1960 Jude et al reintroduced the external cardiac massage So 1960 is the year of modern cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Theory of chest compression Cardiac massage and External cardiac massage Heart pump theory was criticized in 1970 ECHO valve incompetents Coughing produce sustained circulation Thoracic pump theory By increasing intrathoracic pressure

BLS algorithm Safe to approach Check response If responsive leave in the same position check regularly

BLS algorithm If no response Ask for help Open the AW Head tilt Chin lift Jaw thrust

…. to confirm cardiac arrest Open Airway Look for signs of life Patient response Open airway Check for normal breathing (caution agonal breathing) Check circulation Monitoring

BLS algorithm Check for breathing Lock Listen Feel FOR 10 second (OLD GUIDELINES)

BLS algorithm If no breathing send for help turn pt onto his back remove any visible obstruction give 2 breaths (OLD GUIDELINES)

BLS algorithm Check circulation at one of the major artery the best is carotid for 5-10 seconds (OLD GUIDELINES)

BLS algorithm If no circulation identify the middle of the sternum start ECM 30:2 use the heel of the hands fingers interlocked vertical above the pt chest arms should be straight depress the sternum 1.5-2 inc rate is about 100 min

BLS algorithm Continue resuscitation until The pt shows signs of life CPR team arrives you become exhausted

When to go for help If 2 persons available 1 is doing BLS 2 is going for help if 1 is available decide what to do If the pt is an adult not a child or due to trauma or drowning

Choking If the pt is conscious and breathing encourage him to continue coughing If the obst is complete or the pt shows signs of exhaustion or cyanosis if the pt is conscious start back blows If no response do abdominal thrust If the pt is unconscious finger sweeps abdominal thrust while the pt supine

Recovery position After breathing and circulation has been restored To maintain the opening of the airway To prevent inhalation of gastric content