CARBS, LIPIDS AND PROTEINS! By: Alexandra Rowe & Caroline Aube

Carbohydrates What is a Carbohydrate? Carbohydrates are the most important source of energy and is one of the main types of nutrients. What are the types of carbs? Complex and simple, depending on the structure of the carbohydrate. Simple carbs include natural foods which have natural sugars. Complex carbs include starchy foods.

Simple Carbohydrates Examples: fruits, vegetables, milk, milk products, and candy of sorts. They also include sugars in food that have been processed and refined, such as candy. It is important to eat the right simple carbs, such as fruits and milk for the nutrients, instead of eating processed sugars like a lollipop.

Complex Carbohydrates Also known as Starches. Examples: Grain products ( bread, rice, etc.) It is important to eat the unrefined grains which provide rich fiber, vitamins and minerals.

Inorganic and Organic Compounds Organic compounds are found in living organisms and contain carbon. Example: Propane, and Methane Inorganic compounds are compounds that do NOT contain carbon. Example: Water, Diamonds & Graphite.

Diagrams! Amino Acids -Glucose Ribose -Fatty Acids

… Saccharides! Monosaccharide: Ex. Glucose, Frutose & galactose Disaccharide: Ex. Maltose, Lactose & Sucrose Polysaccharide : Starch, Glycogen & Cellulose.

LIPIDS! What is a Lipid? A group of organic compounds including waxes, oils, sterolse etc. Functions: Used for energy storage in the form of fat in humans and oil in plants. Used as heat insulation as fat under the skin reduces heat loss.  Allows buoyancy as they are less dense than water and so animals can float in water. 

Difference between CARBS & LIPIDS? Lipids are a source of LONG TERM ENERGY! Carbs are a source of SHORT TERM ENERGY!

Proteins What is a protein? A molecule composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It can be distinguished from fats and carbohydrates by containing nitrogen. Examples: Hemoglobin, Eggs, Hormones,

Proteins Functions of Proteins: Enzymes Antibodies Hormonal proteins Storage proteins Transport Proteins Structural Proteins

GOOD LUCK ON YOUR MIDTERMS <3 We hope this helped you remember Carbs, Lipids, and Proteins. YOU’RE GONNA ACE THIS TEST!