Intro to the Periodic Table Dimitri Mendeleev- recognized creator of the Periodic Table * A special way to organize elements based on their chemical and physical properties

T h e P e r i o d i c T a b l e Each small square on the periodic table shows the name of one element and the letter symbol for the element.

Introduction to Periodic Table

Introduction to Periodic Table You have been learning the names and symbols of the 50 important elements during the course of the class. It will help to prepare you for writing formulas and balancing equations later. Song

Introduction to Periodic Table Groups (families) The vertical columns of the periodic table they are numbered from 1-18 from left to right each group contains elements with similar chemical properties

Introduction to Periodic Table Periods The horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table physical and chemical properties change somewhat regularly across a period

Introduction to Periodic Table The periodic table is broadly divided into two main sections: metals and nonmetals. Metal An element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity are located at the left and in the center of the table most are solid at room temperature, are malleable, ductile, have luster

Introduction to Periodic Table

Introduction to Periodic Table Nonmetal An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity are located at the far right side of the table

Introduction to Periodic Table

Introduction to Periodic Table Metalloid An element that has some characteristics of metals and some characteristics of nonmetals located along the stair-step line at the right side of the table tend to be semiconductors of electricity

Introduction to Periodic Table

Introduction to Periodic Table Alkali Metals The elements in Group 1 Very reactive - get more reactive as you move down the group Alkaline Earth Metals The elements in Group 2 Magnesium is required for photosynthesis Calcium is used by your body to build strong bones, send nerve signals, and help muscles contract

Introduction to Periodic Table Transition Metals The elements in Group 3-12 Wide range of properties Mostly shiny and good conductors Lanthanides and Actinides Lanthanides are shiny and reactive Actinides are radioactive Elelments 95 and beyond Manufactured in a lab

Introduction to Periodic Table Boron Family The elements in Group 13 Aluminum is the most common metal in Earth’s crust – strong, light weight and a good conductor Carbon Family The elements in Group 14 Carbon is a non-metal – Silicon and Germanium are metalloids – Tin and Lead are metals Life is based on carbon – Silicon is the second most abundant chemical in Earth’s crust

Introduction to Periodic Table Nitrogen Family The elements in Group 15 Nitrogen and Phosphorus are nonmetals (and both part of fertilizers) Arsenic and antimony are metalloids – Bismuth is a metal Oxygen Family The elements in Group 16 Oxygen, Sulfur, and Selenium are nonmetals Tellurium and Polonium are metalloids Oxygen is the most common element in Earth’s crust

Introduction to Periodic Table Halogens The elements in Group 17 Fluorine and Chlorine are gases Bromine is a liquid but it evaporates quickly Iodine is a solid that sublimates (need for your thyroid) All of them are very reactive Noble Gases The elements in Group 18 are gases at room temperature and generally unreactive Colorless and odorless