Unit 7 Vocab

Spanish American War War between US and Spain over Cuban freedom and explosion on the USS Maine Causes: US interest in Cuba, yellow journalism, USS Maine Outcomes: Spain freed Cuba and US gets Guam, Puerto Rico and the Phillipines

War in the Philippines Spanish American War begins in the Philippines, a Spanish colony Filipino rebels support the US because they want freedom from Spain but US wants to colonize them Emilio Aguinaldo – leader of Filipino rebels This led to Philippine-American War

American Expansionism At the turn of the 20th century, America’s relationship with the world changes as the US becomes an imperial power After the Spanish American War, the US gains Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines Roosevelt Corollary and Panama Canal are also examples of US expansion

U.S. Involvement in Latin America At the turn of the 20th century, the U.S. emerges as an imperial power and exerts influence over other countries, especially in Latin America Examples: Platt Amendment in Cuba, Panama Canal, and Roosevelt Corollary

Roosevelt Corollary President Roosevelt builds on the Monroe Doctrine and warns that the U.S. will use force to protect our interests in Latin America This was used to prevent European powers from interfering in Latin America so that the U.S. could be the dominant power in the western hemisphere

Panama Canal Canal built through Panama in Central America to make an easier route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans U.S. supports Panama’s rebellion against Columbia to get them to sign a treaty with the U.S. to build the canal

Militarism The policy of building up armed forces in aggressive preparedness for war and/or to use as a tool of diplomacy European countries’ militarism increased tensions and led to World War I

Alliance System Prior to World War I, countries divided themselves into two groups: The Triple Entente or Allies (Great Britain, France, Russia and later the U.S.) and the Triple Alliance or Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy) This meant everyone would get pulled into the war if conflict started

Imperialism Control over a weaker nation by a stronger nation This would lead to war because the imperial powers were competing with each other for the most control and power

Nationalism A devotion to the interest and culture of one’s nation One of the causes of World War I because feelings of superiority and nationalist movements cause conflict

U.S. Neutrality to Engagement Initially, the U.S. refused to take part in a war between other nations; this policy is called neutrality The U.S. policy towards World War I changed to engagement (getting involved) mostly because of Germany’s policy of unrestricted submarine warfare

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare German policy of sinking any British or Allied ship, even if the ship held civilian passengers The sinking of the Lusitania, which held American citizens, was one of the reasons the U.S. changes its’ policy from neutrality to engagement

Zimmerman Note A message from Germany to Mexico proposing an alliance and promised to return land Mexico lost to the U.S. One of the reasons the U.S. .changes its’ policy from neutrality to engagement in World War I

Great Migration Large scale migration of hundreds of thousands of African-Americans from the South to the North during World War I They wanted to escape Jim Crow laws of the South and there were job opportunities in the North because of the war effort

Espionage Act Made it illegal to speak out against the war effort or the government Targeted socialists like Eugene Debs Eugene Debs, a socialist and union leader, was arrested for speaking out against the draft and the war

Fourteen Points Wilson’s plan for lasting world peace after World War I was over Except for the League of Nations, most of his points were not included in the Treaty of Versailles

League of Nations An association of nations created in 1920 to promote international peace and cooperation Part of Wilson’s 14 Points and included in the Treaty of Versailles Many Americans did not like this – they wanted to remain isolated.

Treaty of Versailles Peace treaty at the end of World War I that created new nations and borders and punished Germany Flawed because it humiliated Germany, excluded Russia and ignored colonized people. This would ultimately lead to World War II.