California Spinach outbreak 2006

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Presentation transcript:

California Spinach outbreak 2006 September 8, 2006, Wisconsin state health officials report cluster of O157:H7 illnesses By Sept 14th, eight states reported 50 cases 205 cases, 103 hospitalizations, 31 cases of HUS Food survey suggested Dole Baby Spinach E. coli O157:H7 found in 13/44 bags of Dole spinach in households

Paicines Ranch #1 2000 head cattle ranch

What caused outbreak? Still unclear

Walkerton, Ontario and the Public Utilities Commission

The Walkerton outbreak timeline May 18, 2000: Children missing school and admitted to hospital with bloody diarrhea. Included as part of investigation, PUC asked to check water supply, and manager assures it is safe May 20: Medical Officer of Health issues a boil water advisory May 24: 600 people (town population: 4800) are ill (with E. coli O157:H7, Campylobacter).

Colin Mayfield, Department of Biology, University of Waterloo Well 5 drilled in 1978. Early tests indicated vulnerabilities. 1978-1980: MOE inspections warn of possible surface water contamination 1980: 4/42 tests found coliform bacteria in water (ignored) 1996: PUC promotes Stan Koebel to general manager, and brother Frank to foreman. Both were grandfathered into certification. May 3, 2000: Stan instructed Frank to replace chlorinator on well 7. Was never done. Well 7 ran until May 9, then from May 15-19. Colin Mayfield, Department of Biology, University of Waterloo

Colin Mayfield, Department of Biology, University of Waterloo And then it rained…actually it flooded (May 8-12) Well 5 Farm that was the source of the E. coli Colin Mayfield, Department of Biology, University of Waterloo

Covering your tracks May 15th reading indicated coliform contamination Retesting on May 18th confirmed Stan Koebel starts hyperchlorinating water supply May 19th: Stan insists water supply is safe at monthly PUC meeting May 20th: Assures public health inspector of the same. May 21st: After boil water alert issued, still does not report positive coliform counts.

Colin Mayfield, Department of Biology, University of Waterloo Where were the issues? Budget cutbacks left MOE short of inspectors. 1996: Ontario dismantled its water testing lab, allowed PUC to use private lab Early concerns about potential surface water contamination ignored Stan and Frank Koebel had no formal training, were “dialing back” chlorine levels, let wells run without chlorination. Water samples for coliform testing deliberately misidentified Routine chlorine tests by PUC were falsified as far back as 1979 Colin Mayfield, Department of Biology, University of Waterloo

Negligence and lack of funding caused… 2300 illnesses 167 confirmed to be E. coli O157:H7 116 confirmed cases of Campylobacter 65 hospitalizations 27 cases of HUS 7 deaths 1 year jail sentence for Stan Koebel, 9 months house arrest for Frank