Leadership and Directing in Hospitality Management Chapter 20 Leadership and Directing in Hospitality Management Copyright © 2010 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All Rights Reserved

WHY PEOPLE FOLLOW Motivation Necessity Advantage Personal satisfaction Independence Encouragement, praise, and recognition Money Company policy

LEADERSHIP THEORIES Theory X Theory Y People do not really like to work so they must be coerced, controlled, directed, and threatened with punishment Theory Y Physical and mental effort in work to be as natural as play or rest

ELEMENTS OF MODERN LEADERSHIP Authority Formal leader Informal leader The psychology of the worker—and the work The work group as a social unit

PARTICIPATION Information Consultation Involvement

BARRIERS TO COMMUNICATION Semantic Barriers People attach different meanings to words Social Background Immediate Environment

GATEWAYS TO COMMUNICATION Listening Empathy

ELEMENTS OF LEADING AND DIRECTING Telling someone what to do Providing information on how to do it Seeing that he or she has learned how to do it Making the performance of the work as appealing and comfortable as possible Conferring specific rewards or punishments for performance

LEADERSHIP AND CHANGE Establish direction Align people Motivate and inspire