Impact of Tsunami on local communities INDIA

India-Tsunami affected states

Tsunami Impact – States Affected Affected States / UT Administration Tamil Nadu Andaman & Nicobar Islands UT of Pondicherry Kerala Andhra Pradesh

Tsunami Impact Population affected 2.792 million Lives lost 12,405 No of houses damaged 0.235 million Crop area damaged 39,035 hectares Live-stock perished 31,755 Population evacuated 647,599 Population rescued 28,734 No of Relief camps 930

Health Impact A&N Island Tamil Nadu Pondi cherry Kerala Andhra Pradesh Districts affected 2 13 9 6 Population affected in lakhs 3.52 8.59 0.43 13.00 1.96 Lives lost 3513 8,009 599 177 107 No. injured 1,514 3,432 561 1,629 -

Prime Minister’s Visit To Affected Areas

INUNDATED WARD AT NAGAPATTINAM HOSPITAL

Rescue and Relief Massive rescue and relief operation launched. Ministry of Home Affairs-the nodal Ministry 17 ministry’s supported home ministry in Rescue and Relief Army/ Para military force personnel deployed for search and Rescue; evacuation and temporary shelters. Preliminary Damage/ reconstruction cost at $1.56 billion.

Tamil Nadu 376 villages in 13 districts with a population of 8.96 lakh affected 499,962 people evacuated/ settled in 412 camps Fishing community worst affected with loss of boats and fishing nets Damage to aqua farms and hatcheries

Tamil Nadu Extensive damage to coastal roads/bridges Ports at Cuddalore and Nagapattinam destroyed Coastal protection infrastructure severely damaged

A&N Islands Worst impacted area due to their proximity to epicentre The islands of Nicobar, Katchal, Hutbay, Noncowry, Great Nicobar badly affected 29 out of 49 jetties severely damaged Extensive damage to roads, bridges and water supply system Damage to agriculture/ plantation crops due to flooding with saline water 3950 hectare of field crop and 10,000 hectare of horticulture/ plantation crops damaged

Kerala 219 villages in 24 Talukas spread over 9 districts affected Two panchayats of Allapad and Arattupuzha completely devastated Extensive damage to power supply and distribution system of coastal belts 8 harbours and 15 landing centres destroyed

Andhra Pradesh 301 villages in 6 districts [East Godavari, West Godavari, Krishna, Guntur, Prakasm and Nellore] affected. Mainly fishing community affected with loss of boats and fishing nets Damage to coastal link roads [167 Kms]. Damage to water supplies in coastal villages

Pondicherry 16 villages in Karaikal and 17 villages of Pondicherry affected 472 human lives were lost in Karaikal and 107 in Pondicherry Extensive damage to Port and fisheries Damage to power generation and transmission Destruction of embankment and coastal protection system

Impact on the communities Coastal fishing community In coastal cities-Urban population affected [Nagapattinam, Pondicherry] Damage to dwelling units Loss of plantations and Agricultural farming Damage to coastal rural infrastructure, power, communication Damage to coastal protection system Damage to social infrastructure, health centres, educational institutions

Recovery efforts Damage assessment by Central Teams Immediate gratuitous relief provided to the community Institutional arrangements for recovery, reconstruction and rehabilitation set up at centre and State levels Financial requirements assessed along with multilateral agencies

Recovery efforts Affected population shifted to temporary shelters Community needs such as medical care, nutrition, education reestablished Temporary restoration of damaged infrastructure

Components of Tsunami Rehabilitation Program Housing repair and reconstruction Fisheries Livelihood support programs covering credit support, subsidy to farm implements, animal husbandry Infrastructure repair and reconstruction covering power, communication, roads, bridges, ports and jetties, airports, irrigation channels, water supply etc.

Components of Tsunami Rehabilitation Program-contd Social and Community Development involving health, education, food and nutrition programs etc. Environment and Coastal Resource Management Setting up of early warning system

Housing Most affected sector Houses to be reconstructed – 1,60,926 Adherence to coastal zone regulations In conformity to building codes – cyclone and earthquake resistant Public and private partnership including substantial role for NGOs

Fisheries Major setback affecting coastal economy Replacement of lost boats [83,788] Upgradation of fishery infrastructure [ safe landing, berthing facilities etc.] Fish processing and preservation facilities

Provision of livelihood Value addition to fisheries Imparting skills/ provide training and opportunities to fishing community Provision of credit/ marketing channels Fishing training institutions

Agriculture & Animal Husbandry Desalination and de silting of farm lands Development of integrated watersheds Change in cropping pattern Restoration of sustainable livelihood through reclamation Replacement of lost cattle, poultry and other live stock

Infrastructure 8 Major ports to be reconstructed New coastal roads to be laid – all weather, blacktopped [4308 Kms. alongwith 388 bridges] Repair of damaged power infrastructure, transmission lines Repair of damaged water supply and sewerage

Social infrastructure Reconstruction of: damaged anganwadis, schools, public health centres, community health centres Community centres Substantial contribution of NGO’s

Environment and coastal protection measures Bio-fencing – Plantation of mangroves Repair/ reconstruction of damaged coastal protection components like rubble mount sea walls etc.

Early warning System Department of Ocean Development has initiated a project for Tsunami Early Warning System.

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