Radiographs (A) and (B) are anteroposterior and lateral views mode after injection of contrast into the thecal sac. This conventional myelogram can identify.

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 Injection of intra-thecal contrast material to visualize disease or injury within the spinal column using CT and fluoroscopy  Invasive test with associated.
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RADIOLOGY OF SPINAL CORD September 2014 Presented by: MONERAH ALMOHIDEB.
FAI. (A) Radiograph shows a prominent bone bump (arrow) just distal to the lateral femoral physeal scar. (B) Alpha angle in FAI. Axial oblique T1-weighted.
Mid and lower cervical spine fractures. (A–C) Cervical burst fracture
A: Degenerative spinal stenosis
Epidural lysis of adhesions
Distal radius fracture
Coronal magnetic image (T1) of a large vena caval tumor thrombus (long arrows) in a patient with renal cell carcinoma. Thrombus extends just to entrance.
Sagittal MR images of the knee showing meniscal tear
Cervical sprain. This 22-year-old woman sustained a hyperflexion–hyperextension sprain to her cervical spine while driving in a demolition derby contest.
(A) Bone scans of three different patients, each with three different diagnoses: degenerative arthritis, metastatic cancer, and acute trauma. The point.
Olecranon bursitis. (A) Lateral radiograph of the elbow in a patient with gout. There is soft tissue swelling over the olecranon as well as calcifications.
Ultrasound, MRI, and CT findings in rotator cuff tear
Psoriatic arthritis. Photograph of the hand (A) demonstrates diffuse fusiform swelling and erythema of the second digit, called a “sausage digit.” Radiograph.
Colles fracture: (a) dinner-fork deformity; (b) lateral X-ray view; (c) anteroposterior X-ray view; (d) radial (lateral) tilt of distal segment Source:
Anterior glenohumeral dislocation
Imaging studies in a patient with a distractive flexion injury of the cervical spine. (A) This lateral radiographic view demonstrates anterior subluxation.
Coronal noncontrast CT image shows dextroscoliosis centered around chronic, lateral compression deformity of T6 (arrowhead). An acute compression fracture.
(A) This image, taken at a public lecture by Wilhelm Röntgen, is reported to be the hand of the preeminent anatomist Albert von Kölliker.8 Radiographs.
Chronic grade 3, complete ACL tear
CT myelogram demonstrates severe spinal stenosis at L3-L4 along with bilateral facet arthropathy (black arrows). Source: Chapter 4. Disorders, Diseases,
A sagittal reconstruction of a post-myelogram CT scan displaying the effacement of the spinal cord due to the protruding thoracic disk. Note the absence.
A. Coronal section of the vertebral canal from the posterior view. B
Example of a normal bone scan, presented as an anterior and a posterior body image. The “hot spot” at the elbow is the injection site. The bladder is also.
Fish vertebra. (A) Lateral view of lumbar spine shows endplate compression (arrows) due to osteoporosis. (B) Fish drawing (Used with permission from Arash.
Lumbar fusion with adjacent degenerative disc stress and disease
Ulcerative colitis. Double-contrast barium enema image shows numerous contrast-filled superficial ulcerations (arrows) with loss of normal colonic haustrations.
Indirect and direct signs of anterior cruciate ligament tears
Image acquisition in a modern CT scanner
Transverse color Doppler sonogram of testicular torsion demonstrates normal flow to the right testis and absence of flow to the ischemic left testis (arrow).
Pancreatic lobule. Grossly and microscopically normal pancreatic tissue has a lobular architecture. The majority of the lobule is composed of acinar tissue.
Anterior dislocation of the knee with rupture of ligaments
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(A). Systemic infusion of opioids. (B) Epidural infusion of opioids
(A–D) Radiographs made of a hollow plastic pipe from two different perspectives produce two entirely different images. Look at the radiographs. The image.
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Esophageal adenocarcinoma
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An AP pelvis x-ray showing a patient with a normal left hip joint and right hip bone-on-bone arthritis. Note the dark, radiolucent “gap” between the ball.
Total knee arthroplasty. (A) Diagram of a total knee arthroplasty
Three types of fixation displayed on three different patients
Schematic diagrams of contrast arthrography in (A) a normal glenohumeral joint, where contrast medium is confined to the joint capsule and communicating.
A-C: Axial, coronal, and sagittal CTA images demonstrate a large filling defect in the main right pulmonary artery consistent with a large pulmonary embolism.
A lateral view radiograph of the same patient following injection into the involved vertebral bodies of polymethyl methacrylate. Note the radiolucency.
Complete rotator cuff tear
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Burst fracture. (A) Lateral lumbar radiograph shows anterior loss of height and the L1 level with retropulsion off bony fragment into the spinal canal.
(A) Axial CT (same patient as in Figure 13-10) just below the L4-5 disk space shows compression of the right anterolateral aspect of the thecal sac by.
An axial CT image of a child with proptosis and vision loss shows bone destruction and extension of soft tissue masses (arrows) into the orbital apexes,
Kümmell disease of the thoracic vertebra
Epidural lysis of adhesions
Degenerative spondylolisthesis of L5 on S1, grade 2, in a 60-year-old man. (A) Lateral plain film of the lumbosacral junction. (B) Sagittal T1-weighted.
Sagittal magnetic resonance T1-weighted image with contrast of the lumbar spine demonstrating diskitis/osteomyelitis associated with a spinal epidural.
Osteomyelitis. (A) Anterior and (B) oblique views of the left forefoot of a 61-year-old man with diabetes with approximately 1 month of left fourth toe.
Chronic sarcoidosis. (A) Axial chest CT in lung windows demonstrates bilateral central upper lobe scarring (white arrows) with mild traction bronchiectasis.
Dural ectasia: a likely cause of inadequate spinal anaesthesia in two parturients with Marfan's syndrome  H.J. Lacassie, S. Millar, L.G. Leithe, H.A.
A, Sagittal T2-weighted cervicothoracic spine MR image from a patient with intracranial hypotension shows a ventral extradural collection from C6 to T2.
A and B, Sagittal (A) and axial (B) T2-weighted spinal cord MR images show hemosiderin deposition along (A) and around (B) the cord surface. A and B, Sagittal.
Localization of spinal cord schistosomiasis.
Radicular enhancement form in spinal cord schistosomiasis.
A and B, Pre- (A1 and A2) and postoperative (B1 and B2) sagittal (A1 and B1) and axial (A2 and B2) T2-weighted MR images from a patient with SS show a.
Rare intramedullary tumours.
Presentation transcript:

Radiographs (A) and (B) are anteroposterior and lateral views mode after injection of contrast into the thecal sac. This conventional myelogram can identify where the flow of contrast is restricted, but cannot always identify the reason for the restriction. Compare these radiographs with the CT myelogram of another patient: (C) is a coronal reformatted image, and (D) is a sagittal reformat. There is normal contrast filling the thecal space at all areas except at L1; the arrow points to a bony defect that impinges on the thecal sac and indents the column of contrast. Note the ability to actually see the conus medullaris of the spinal cord (star, C) and the dangling cauda equina below it. The advantage of the CT myelogram is the direct visualization of these soft tissues and the direct cause of impingement. Source: GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF MUSCULOSKELETAL IMAGING, Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Imaging Citation: McKinnis LN. Fundamentals of Musculoskeletal Imaging; 2014 Available at: http://fadavispt.mhmedical.com/DownloadImage.aspx?image=/data/books/1899/mckfunda_fig-1-29.png&sec=141188539&BookID=1899&ChapterSecID=141188303&imagename= Accessed: November 01, 2017 Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved