Joke of the Day: Did you here about the guy who lost his whole left side? He’s alright now!

Unit 2 - CELLS What is the largest Cell on Earth?

Largest Single Cell on Earth? Ostrich Egg

Cytology

Centriole

Cell Structure and Function

Cytology: The study of Cells

The discovery of cells… In late 1600s, an English scientist, Robert Hooke used a primitive microscope to look at a very tiny slice of cork. He noticed that the cork was made up of "a great many of little boxes" and he called those little boxes "cells".

Animal Cell Ribosome (attached) Ribosome (free) Nucleolus Nucleus Cell Membrane Nuclear Envelope (membrane) Mitochondria Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Centrioles Golgi Complex Lysosomes

Cell Size and Types Cells, the basic units of organisms, can only be observed under microscope Three Basic types of cells include: Animal Cell Plant Cell Bacterial Cell

Number of Cells Although ALL living things are made of cells, organisms may be: Unicellular – composed of one cell Multicellular- composed of many cells that may organize into tissues, etc.

Organelles: Perform various functions inside the cell Organelles: Perform various functions inside the cell. “little organs” Human Body Analogy

Locations are 1) surrounds the cell; 2) in the cytoplasm; 3) in or surrounds the nucleus. DRAWINGS: Draw what each part looks like. FUNCTION: Write down what it does for the cell. Cell Organelles Location Function Drawing Cell/Plasma membrane   Cytoplasm Nucleus Nucleoli/us Ribosomes Golgi apparatus/complex Mitochondria Lysosomes Centrioles Vesicles Nuclear Envelope Chromatin Rough endoplasmic reticulum Smooth endoplasmic reticulum Peroxisomes Microfilaments Cilia Flagella Microvilli

1. Cell Membrane or Plasma membrane Controls the passage of materials in and out of the cell. “Front Door”

2. Cytoplasm (not an organelle- but important) Fluid portion of cell where organelles live.

3. Nucleus The control center of the cell. DNA is stored here. “Supervisor”

4. Nucleolus Makes ribosomes inside the nucleus “Factory Workers”

5. Ribosomes Where Protein synthesis takes place Ribosomes are “free” and/or “attached” to the E.R. “Manufacturing Plant”

6. Golgi Complex The protein packaging and transport center of the cell. “Shipping Department”

7. Mitochondria Converts Glucose to ATP Energy Has it’s own DNA Double membrane “Powerhouse!”

8. Lysosome: “Suicide Sacs”: Autolysis: The destruction of cells or tissues by their own enzymes Contains special enzymes for digestion in the cell. “Custodians”

9. Centrioles Manages Cell Division Also called Spindle Fibers

10. Vesicles Helps move things in and out of cell “Shuttle Service”

13./14. Endoplasmic Reticulum Transports materials throughout the cell. **Plays a role in synthesis of hormone based steroids and proteins “Network or Conveyor Belt”

Organelles for Cell Model (Use Notes and Book pg 66) Cytoplasm (Background) White Cell Membrane Black Marker Mitochondria x3 Yellow Free Ribo x2 (small!) Brown Attached Ribo x3 (small!) Brown Rough (x1) and Smooth(x1) ER Orange Golgi Apparatus Pink Vesicles X2 Purple Lysosomes x3 Red Nucleus Light Blue Centrioles(1 pair together) Green Nucleolus Dark Blue LABEL EVERYTHING!!!! Black Pen