Reproduction In Plants

Reproduction is the Spice of Life What are the two types of reproduction? Asexual and Sexual What are the advantages of Asexual repro? Quick and Easy typically done by simple organism with small circular DNA One is enough do not require a partner What are the advantages of Sexual repro? Variation mixing DNA means better survival rate Mutations increased rate of positive changes in DNA DNA Cell Wall

Steps of Binary Fission Cell Wall Cell membrane What type of division allows sexual reproduction to occur? Meiosis What type of division allows asexual reproduction to occur? Mitosis…sort of Binary Fission division of a simple cell through asexual reproduction Cell grows in size; elongates cell wall Circular DNA is replicated (organelles too) DNA and organelles move towards opposite poles of the cell Cytokinesis cuts cell in two DNA

Spore Formation Do only bacteria cells reproduce asexually? No! Fungi and some plants have an asexual part of their life cycle Gametophyte and Sporophyte cycles: Spores are released into the air by a sporophyte Spores grows through mitosis to build hypha, mycelium, and sporangia (makes more spores) Eventually a gametophyte forms and produces male and female gametes by meiosis Gametes mix by fertilization and produce a zygote that grows into a sporophyte Sporophyte will produce more spores through meiosis and cycle repeats Hypha Spores Gametes Fertilization Sporangia Meiosis Zygote Germinate Spores Released

Potato-A-Go-Go Which part of the potato do we eat? The Tuber! It is the starch filled energy bank for the potato plant How do potatoes reproduce? With the Tuber! Parent plant grows from tuber; Extra energy from photosynthesis is made into starch and stored in new tubers Parent plant dies at the end of the season; tubers stay dormant underground New plants grow from tuber “eyes” next season; tuber also acts are source of energy before leaves form All growth is through mitosis, so all tubers are genetically identical to each other New Plant “Eye”