Volume 131, Issue 1, Pages 261-274 (January 2007) State of the Art Wahidi Momen M. , MD, FCCP, Herth Felix J.F. , MD, FCCP, Ernst Armin , MD, FCCP CHEST Volume 131, Issue 1, Pages 261-274 (January 2007) DOI: 10.1378/chest.06-0975 Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 The curves depict the increasing number of rigid bronchoscopies (green) performed in an interventional pulmonary practice (Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center) over several years. The increase in the number of bronchoscopies is mirrored by the general increase in flexible bronchoscopic interventional procedures (red) performed over the same period of time. OR = operating room; PSPU = pulmonary special procedures unit. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 2 Granulation tissue is visible at the proximal end of a tracheal stent (top left). The tissue is coagulated with the help of argon plasma. The ignited arc working in a noncontact mode is seen (top right). The necrotic tissue (bottom left) is debrided mechanically with the help of large forceps (bottom right). CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 3 Top,A: a proximal view of a silicone stent within the right mainstem bronchus.Bottom,B: a distal view of a silicone stent within the bronchus intermedius. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 4 Top,A: squamous cell carcinoma with near complete occlusion of the left mainstem bronchus.Bottom,B: left mainstem bronchus after mechanical resection of the tumor tissue and placement of a metallic stent CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 5 A patient with a small endobronchial carcinomain situ. The white-light endoscopy (top,A) shows small raised lesions; they are much more clearly visible with the help of AFB (bottom,B). CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 6 Image of a transbronchial needle puncture of a small lymph node in the 10R position. The needle is guided by EBUS through a dedicated EBUS endoscope. A Doppler function clearly shows the neighboring vessel. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 7 Nodules seen on the diaphragmatic pleura during medical pleuroscopy in a patient who presented with a right pleural effusion. The biopsy specimen showed adenocarcinoma cells that were consistent with an ovarian origin. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 8 View of endobronchial one-way valves placed into the airways of a patient with heterogeneous emphysema. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 9 Axial CT scan image of a patient with a high-grade tracheal obstruction due to adenoid cystic carcinoma (top,A). The three-dimensional reconstruction (bottom,B) gives a much better understanding of the extent of the lesion, and allows for improved procedural and surgical planning. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 10 Typical images of an electromagnetically guided (superDimension) transbronchial lung biopsy. The parenchymal lesion is visible in sagittal, coronal, and axial views. The forward view in the lower right-hand corner gives the “bulls-eye” image when the targeted lesion is reached. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions
Figure 11 Narrow band image of an endobronchial severe dysplasia. Observe the clearly visible microvascular abnormalities. CHEST 2007 131, 261-274DOI: (10.1378/chest.06-0975) Copyright © 2007 The American College of Chest Physicians Terms and Conditions