Chapter 52 Population Ecology AP Biology Chapter 52 Population Ecology

Population

Human Population on Earth

Fig: 52.3

LE 52-2 Births Immigration Population size Emigration Deaths

Table 52.1

Fig: 52.5

Century Plant

Fig: 52.9

Elephant population 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 Year 8,000 6,000 Elephant population 4,000 2,000 1900 1920 1940 1960 1980 Year

Hawaii millions of years ago

Pioneer species begin to colonize (lichens and mosses)

Then over time, grasses begin to grow.

Then over time, shrubs will appear and they will be followed by trees.

Hawaii today

Fig: 52.9

Fig: 52.12

Fig: 52.13

LE 55-9 Small population Genetic Inbreeding drift Lower reproduction Higher mortality Loss of genetic variability Reduction in individual fitness and population adaptability Smaller population

Fig: 52.21

Snowshoe Hare and Lynx

Fig: 52.22 Human Growth on Earth

Fig: 52.27

Birth or death rate per 1,000 people 50 40 30 Birth or death rate per 1,000 people 20 10 Sweden Mexico Birth rate Birth rate Death rate Death rate 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 2050 Year

LE 52-25 Rapid growth Afghanistan Slow growth United States Decrease Italy Male Female Age Male Female Age Male Female 85+ 80–84 75–79 70–74 65–69 60–64 55–59 50–54 85+ 80–84 75–79 70–74 65–69 60–64 55–59 50–54 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 10–14 5–9 0–4 45–49 40–44 35–39 30–34 25–29 20–24 15–19 10–14 5–9 0–4 8 6 4 2 2 4 6 8 8 6 4 2 2 4 6 8 8 6 4 2 2 4 6 8 Percent of population Percent of population Percent of population

Fig: 52.27