In hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, the PA adventitia is the primary site of cell activation and tissue remodeling Compared with control calf (Normoxia),

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In hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, the PA adventitia is the primary site of cell activation and tissue remodeling Compared with control calf (Normoxia), pulmonary arteries of chronically (2 wk) hypoxic neonatal calf (Hypoxia) demonstrate marked adve... In hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension, the PA adventitia is the primary site of cell activation and tissue remodeling Compared with control calf (Normoxia), pulmonary arteries of chronically (2 wk) hypoxic neonatal calf (Hypoxia) demonstrate marked adventitial thickening (A), excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins [type I collagen (B), cellular (ED-A) fibronectin (C), and tenascin-C (TN-C; D)], augmented cell proliferation (BrdU; E), myofibroblast accumulation/differentiation (α-SM-actin expression; F), cytokine production (active isoform of TGF-β1; G), and recruitment of circulating leukocytes and fibrocytes (CD11b; H). H&E, hematoxylin and eosin; A, adventitia; M, media. Arrows define adventitia. Kurt R. Stenmark et al. Physiology 2006;21:134-145 ©2006 by American Physiological Society