Probability & Heredity Power notes for section 4-2
What’s the chance? Suppose you were to toss a coin 20 times. Predict how many times the coin would land with heads up and how many times it would land with tails up?
2. Principles of Probability Probability = to predict the results of a particular event Probability is # that describes how likely an event will occur What is the chance of getting head?
3. Mathematics of Probability Since there are only 2 ways a coin can land you say there is a 1 in 2 chance of it landing heads up or tails up. Also written: ½ 50%
3. Independence of Event If you toss a coin 5 times and each time it lands heads up. What would you expect to find if you tossed it again? Answer: There is still a 50% or a 1 in 2 chance of getting heads. Why: Each event occurs independently of each other
Vocabulary nb page 23 Phenotype: Physical appearance of a trait Genotype: Genetic make up of a trait Homozygous- has the same alleles for a trait 2 dominant or 2 recessive alleles Heterozygous- has different alleles for a trait 1 dominant and 1 recessive allele
3. Punnett Squares Is a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a genetic cross. T t T T T t T T t t t t
3. Prediction Probabilities
Pedigree Chart A chart used to show phenotypes of genetically related family members