Comparative Vertebrate Physiology

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Skeletal Muscle Activity: Contraction
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Presentation transcript:

Comparative Vertebrate Physiology Muscle physiology

Characteristics Muscles only shorten Work as antagonists Convert chemical into mechanical energy

Types Striated Non-straited skeletal cardiac smooth skeletal, cardiac

Muscle types Differences in muscle types Innervation - somatic or autonomic Refractory periods - long and short Control - ANS or SNS

Skeletal muscle 40 - 45% body mass Structural layers

Muscle cell (fiber) Sarcolemma Sarcoplasm Myofibrils glycogen myoglobin Myofibrils sacromeres

Sarcoplasm Sarcoplasmic reticulum (Stores and release Ca++) T tubule (AP conduction) Triad (SR + T tubule)

Myofibril

Muscle contraction

Myosin protein Head and tail Head binds to actin

Actin protein Tropomyosin Troponin affinities attached to binding sites Troponin affinities Ca++ tropomyosin actin

Excitation contraction coupling

Sliding filament theory Cross bridge attachment Power stroke Cross bridge detachment

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