درس دوم اسم مصدر (Gerund) مدرس : مهدی روستاپور

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درس دوم اسم مصدر (Gerund) مدرس : مهدی روستاپور

اسم مصدر اسمی است که با اضافه کردن پسوند اسم ساز (ing) به انتهای یک فعل بدست می آید. بازی کردن to play + ing = playing بازی حرکت کردن to move + ing = moving حرکت Example

اسم مصدر دارای سه جایگاه می باشد : 1- Smoking in this room is forbidden. 1- ابتدای جمله در نقش فاعل 2- He likes eating cake. 2- بعد از فعل اول در نقش مفعول 3- She insisted on going there. 3- بعد از حرف اضافه در نقش مفعول حرف اضافه بازی کردن to play + ing = playing بازی حرکت کردن to move + ing = moving حرکت

نکته 1 بعد از اصلاحات زیر باید از اسم مصدر استفاده كنيم : مشغول بودن be busy مشغول بودن it is no use فایده ندارد be used to عادت داشتن look forward to منتظر بودن get used to عادت كردن can’t help توان استقامت نداشتن be worth ارزش داشتن couldn’t help it is no good خوب نيست can’t stand

اهميت دادن ، اعتنا كردن به ليست افعالی كه بعد از آنها ، فرم ing دار ِ فعل یا (Gerund ) اسم مصدر قابل قبول هستند به شرح زیر می باشد : نکته1 imagine تصور و خيال keep نگهداشتن stop متوقف كردن admit پذيرفتن miss دلتنگ شدن differ فرق داشتن finish تمام كردن understand فهميدن dislike تنفر و بيزاري remember به ياد آوردن mind اهميت دادن ، اعتنا كردن به explain شرح دادن enjoy لذت بردن risk خطركردن به خطر انداختن appreciate قدرداني كردن suggest پيشنهاد دادن busy مشغول بودن avoid اجتناب كردن

It + be + adjective + (for +object) + infinitive ساختار بالا را به دقت مورد مطالعه قرار دهيد و نكات زیر را به خاطر بسپارید : 1- شكل مصدري فعل (infinitive) در این تركيب مورد استفاده قرار می گيرد . It is easy for me to learn English. 2- اجزایی كه داخل پرانتز قرار گرفته اند ، می توانند از ساختار جمله حذف شوند. It is easy to learn English.

Read the following sentences and answer the questions.

1- ……… English is not as hard as it seems. a) To learn b) Learn c) Learning d) We learn

2. Keep ……… until you get to the cross road and then turn left. a) go b) to go c) going d) be going

6. You can find out somebody’s phone number ………….. in the directory. a) to look b) in looking c) by looking d) from looking

8. My friend is really interested in ………………tennis. a) play b) playing c) to play d) played

9. It is necessary ……………..English. a) for you to speak b) for you speaking c) you to speak d) you spoke

10. Controlling your fear and………the public speaking skills can bring you success. a) the practice b) practicing c) practices d) practice of

11. It is sometimes essential for Peter… 11. It is sometimes essential for Peter…..his parent’s car before they give him money. a) to clean b) cleaning c) cleans d) cleaned

13…………..….a second language is difficult. a) Learning b) Learn c) To learn d) Learned

14. It is impossible for me ……. … 14. It is impossible for me ……..….to the class if the bus drivers are on strike. a) come b) came c) coming d) to come

6. You can find out somebody’s phone number ………….. in the directory. a) to look b) in looking c) by looking d) from looking