Organ Systems Case Studies

Case Study 1

Gallstones *Can vary in size from 1 mm to 4 or 5 cm!

The digestive system Functions: Processes and digests food Absorbs and conserves water 3. Absorbs nutrients 4. Stores energy

Digestive system Organs Oral cavity Pharynx Esophagus Stomach Small intestine Large intestine Liver Gallbladder Pancreas Liver Oral cavity Esophagus Large intestine Stomach Small Rectum Anus

Case Study 2

asthma

Respiratory system Functions: Delivers air to the alveoli where oxygen exchange occurs Removes carbon dioxide from the bloodstream

Respiratory System organs Nasal cavity Nasal cavity Pharynx Larynx Trachea Bronchi Lungs Pharynx Bronchus Larynx Trachea Lung

Case Study 3

vitiligo

Integumentary system Functions: Protects underlying tissues Regulates body temp Houses sensory receptors Synthesizes certain products (ex: sweat, oils)

Integumentary system components Skin Hair Nails Sweat Glands Sebaceous Glands Hair Skin Nails

Case Study 4

Multiple sclerosis

The nervous system Function: Communication via nerve impulses to and from muscles and glands for short periods of time.

Nervous System Organs Brain Spinal Cord Nerves Sensory Organs Brain

Case Study 5

hyperthyroidism

Endocrine system Function: Secretes hormones to affect metabolism of target cells for long periods of time.

Endocrine System Organs Hypothalamus Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland Adrenal gland Pineal gland Thymus Pancreas Ovaries Testes Pineal gland Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Thymus Adrenal gland Pancreas Testis Ovary

Case Study 6

rickets

Skeletal system Functions: Provides framework Protects Provides attachments for muscles Produces blood cells Store inorganic salts (calcium)

Skeletal System components Bones Cartilage Ligaments Bones Joint

Muscular dystrophy

Muscular system Functions: Organs: Maintains posture Provides body with heat Works together by alternating contracting and relaxing for movement Organs: Muscles Skeletal muscles

Case Study 7

stroke

Cardiovascular system Functions: Heart pumps blood through vessels Blood transports gases, nutrients, wastes, hormones

Cardiovascular System organs Heart Blood vessels Heart Vessels Arteries Veins Blood

Case Study 8

Urinary tract infection

Urinary system Functions: Filters the blood Controls water balance by regulating volume of urine Regulates blood ion concentrations and pH

Urinary system organs Kidneys Ureters Urinary bladder Urethra Kidney

Case Study 9

Endometriosis

Reproductive system Functions: Male: produces male sex cells and hormones Female: produces female sex cells and hormones, supports embryo development, provides milk for newborn.

Reproductive system organs Male Organs: Testes Epididymis Vas deferens Seminal vesicles Prostate gland Penis Scrotum Female Organs: Ovaries Uterine tubes Uterus Vagina Labia Mammary glands Reproductive system organs

Case Study 10

lymphoma

Lymphatic system Functions: Defends body against infection with lymphocytes Transports tissue fluid back to blood stream Carries fatty substances from digestive system to blood stream

Lymphatic System organs Lymphatic vessels Lymph nodes Thymus Spleen Red bone marrow Thymus Lymphatic vessels Spleen Lymph nodes