Scientific Method (Guide to solve a problem) Steps Identify the problem (Do research, look up information, State a question) Form a Hypothesis (answers the problem or question) Experiment (Test Hypothesis, Gather materials, steps) Record data (quantitative and qualitative) Conclusion (State whether hypothesis was correct, suggestions for correction, repeat experiment)

What are the 3 main states of matter? give two examples of each Do- Now- 9/18 What are the 3 main states of matter? give two examples of each

Write down 2 examples of solids, liquids and gases

Identify what you already know about solids liquids and gases and

Identify what you already know about solids liquids and gases

Identify what you already know about solids liquids and gases

Identify what you already know about solids liquids and gases

Identify what you already know about solids liquids and gases

Identify what you already know about solids liquids and gases

1.1 The Puzzle of Matter Chemistry is the science that investigates and explains the structure and properties of matter. (The study of matter)

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. 1.1 Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space.

Mass is the measure of the amount of matter that an object contains. 1.1 Mass is the measure of the amount of matter that an object contains.

Table of Contents 1.1 States of Matter Solid Liquid Gas

Qualitative Observations: are made using the 5 senses   Qualitative Observations: are made using the 5 senses.  Although sight is the most utilized sense, touch, hearing, and smell are still important.  Taste should not be used in the science laboratory.  Quantitative Observations: Involve numbers and measurements (Tools can be used to extend the senses so that quantitative observations can be made.)   We have gone from the use of the naked eye, to magnifying glasses, to light microscopes, to electron microscopes for use in viewing small objects.  Each advancement in technology allows us to make more detailed observations.

Lab equipment uses? Glass Stirrer Erlenmeyer Flask Graduated Cylinder Funnel Metric ruler Test tube holder or rack

Composition of Matter Mixtures A mixture, such as the pizza or soft drink shown, is a material made up of two or more substances that can be easily separated by physical means.

Composition of Matter Mixtures A combination of two or more substances in which the basic identity of each substance is not changed.

Composition of Matter Heterogeneous Mixtures A mixture in which different materials can be distinguished easily is called a heterogeneous (he tuh ruh JEE nee us) mixture.

Heterogeneous Mixtures Composition of Matter Heterogeneous Mixtures Most of the substances you come in contact with every day are heterogeneous mixtures. Some components are easy to see, like the ingredients in pizza, but others are not. For example, the cheese in pizza is also a mixture, but you cannot see the individual components.

Composition of Matter Homogeneous Mixtures A homogeneous (hoh muh JEE nee us) mixture contains two or more gaseous, liquid, or solid substances blended evenly throughout.

Soft drinks in sealed bottles are examples of homogeneous mixtures. Composition of Matter Homogeneous Mixtures Soft drinks contain water, sugar, flavoring, coloring, and carbon dioxide gas. Soft drinks in sealed bottles are examples of homogeneous mixtures.

Composition of Matter Homogeneous Mixtures Another name for homogeneous mixtures like a cold soft drink is solution. A solution is a homogeneous mixture of particles so small that they cannot be seen with a microscope and will never settle to the bottom of their container.

Homogeneous Mixtures Solutions remain constantly and uniformly mixed. Composition of Matter Homogeneous Mixtures Solutions remain constantly and uniformly mixed.

Materials are made of a pure substance or a mixture of substances. Composition of Matter Pure Substances Materials are made of a pure substance or a mixture of substances.

A pure substance, or simply a substance, is a type of matter with a fixed composition. A substance can be either an element or a compound.

15.1 Alloys Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.

Composition of Matter 15.1 Alloys Solid solutions that contain different metals and sometimes nonmetallic substances.

Composition of Matter 15.1 Alloys Examples Gold Alloys - Pure gold is generally too soft to be used for jewelry, so other metals are nearly always added to it

Gold Karat Markings 24K gold is pure gold. Composition of Matter 15.1 Gold Alloys Gold Karat Markings 24K gold is pure gold. 18K gold contains 18 parts gold and 6 parts of another metal(s), making it 75% gold.

Gold Alloys 15.1 Gold Karat Markings 12K gold contains 12 parts gold and 12 parts of another metal(s), making it 50% gold. 10K gold contains 10 parts gold and 14 parts another metal(s), making it 41.7% gold.

Alloys 15.1 White Gold Alloys Nickel can be mixed with gold to create a white (or gray) color; it can cause dermatitis in people who are sensitive to nickel.

Alloys 15.1 2007 American Eagle Silver Dollars US Mint American Eagle Silver Dollars are not sold directly to the American public, but are available through coin distributors.

Alloys coins are 97.5% zinc and 2.5% copper for pennies and 75% copper and 25% nickel for nickels. Copper costs have risen 24 % since the start of this year.

Quantitative Observation- observation made using a measurement. Composition of Matter Qualitative Observation – observation made without a measurement. quantitative, Quantitative Observation- observation made using a measurement.