LIFE IN THE COLONIES

NEW ENGLAND COLONIES New England Colonies: Industries: shipbuilding, whaling, fishing Massachusetts was the first state to have a public school system. Massachusetts School Law of 1647- established the first public school system in the colonies Town meetings were the earliest form of democracy. Puritan life was centered around religion. Subsistence farming – growing only enough food to maintain your family. A craft worker skilled in a certain area is called an artisan. 1st Colleges taught only white men. 1st College was Harvard (Massachusetts). 2nd College was College of William and Mary (VA).

CONTROLS OF COLONIAL TRADE 1650-Parliament passed laws to regulate colonial trade. Mercantilism – system set up for the sole purpose of making money for the mother country Navigation Acts were passed to control colonial trade. Colonists must use British built ships for all their trade. Certain colonial products (tobacco, cotton, and indigo) could only be sold in England.

GLORIOUS REVOLUTION English Parliament gave the throne to James’ daughter, Mary and her husband, William This peaceful change became known as the Glorious Revolution. A bill of rights (a document listing essential freedoms guaranteed to all citizens) put limits on the king and queen’s power.  William and Mary were the king and queen who passed the bill of rights and restored elected assemblies.

Triangular trade route Traded rum to West Africa in exchange for slaves and this route was called the Middle Passage.

New England New England England (WI to NE – Molasses; (NE to E – tobacco, rice, furs, indigo; NE to WA – rum, iron, tools; E to WI – cloth & manufactured goods; WA to WI – enslaved persons, gold, & pepper) WI to NE – goods) West Africa West Indies West Indies England (WI to E- molasses, sugar, and fruit; E to WA – iron, cloth, and weapons; WA to WI – enslaved persons) West Indies West Africa England

John Peter Zenger Tried for libel (act of publishing harmful statements) because his newspaper openly opposed Governor William Cosby. Andrew Hamilton defended Zenger stating that he should be found not guilty since his statements were true. Found not guilty—1st case in America to protect the freedom of the press.

Middle Colonies Immigrants- people who move from one place but are still ruled by that same country   Children in the Middles colonies were taught by tutors in private schools. Frontier life was wild and untamed. Conestoga wagon Covered top Large and sturdy Long with a curved, boat-shaped body

Thompson Southern colonies Considered rural because they had few towns and only one large city. Southern farmers wanted to live near the Tidewater. First crop grown in Virginia was tobacco. The institution of slavery became most popular among southern plantation owners. Slaves in the United States developed a new culture that drew on the languages and customs of their West African homelands. Why wouldn’t people want to live in Georgia? Convicts settled there

Bacon’s Rebellion 1676- Nathaniel Bacon charged that the VA Governor William Berkeley was not protecting the frontier from raids by Native Americans and was more interested in the profitable fur trade. This was a civil war between the colonists and the governor’s troops. This showed that colonists did not want to stay along the coastline.

Self-government Rights of Colonists Rights as English citizens Right to fair trial by jury of equals Right to be taxed by lawmakers elected by the people Voters were 21 years old white male property owners. Those who couldn’t vote were women, indentured servants, slaves, and Native Americans.

Look up these vocabulary words Barter Exports Imports Patroon Rural   Urban

vocabulary words Barter - exchange (goods or services) for other goods or services without using money. Exports - send (goods or services) to another country for sale. Imports - bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale. Patroon - a person given land and granted certain manorial privileges under the former Dutch governments of New York and New Jersey. Rural - in, relating to, or characteristic of the countryside rather than the town. Urban - in, relating to, or characteristic of a city or town.