Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia Goran Mihajlovic Head of National Centre for HM system of early warning and alerts goran.mihajlovic@hidmet.gov.rs Tirana, Albania October 17th – 21st 2016.

Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia RHMS of Serbia is special organization of the Serbian government. Responsibility: meteorology, hydrology, climatology, climate change and early warning on the hydro-meteorological hazards. RHMS of Serbia is the primary national authority and official source of information about weather, water, climate, climate change and warning, RHMS of Serbia is the official voice in issuing HydMet warnings. First meteorological observing was started January 1st 1848 in Belgrade. After 2 years there were 20 meteorological stations In Serbia. This met station network was established by Prof. Vladimir Jaksic. Brief history Meteorological Observatory was established by the Decree of the Ministry of Education in Belgrade in 1887 and Prof. Milan Nedeljkovic was appointed as its first Administrator. At the request of Prof. Nedeljkovic, on 15th September 1888, Minister of Education and Religion, Dr Vladan Djordjevic, signed the Decree on the establishment of government meteorological station network in the Kingdom of Serbia. The Observatory became the center of the meteorological station network, the core of meteorological research in the field of microclimatology, weather forecast, hydrology and geophysical measuring in general. Coding of meteorological data started in 1895 and in August 1902, issuing of weather forecast and international data exchange.

Republic Hydrometeorological Service of Serbia Network of meteorological and hydrological stations NWP Meteo Synoptic met stations 28 Climatological program 56 Precipitation program 450 Upper air station 2 Hydro Hydrological stations 74 (62 automatic with GSM conection) Hydrological stations from Danube region 58 Hydrological forecast and models 2 Gematronik dual polarization radars (S band) 10 Mitsubishi radars (Sband) MRL5 radar (S and C band) and LAWR (X band) Propagation method Method of corespondent discharge MANS model TANK model Multiple linear correlation Graphical coaxial correlation and Unit hydrograph or HBV model Climatology, Agro meteorology, SEEVCCC hosted by RHMSS, Hail suppression department, Meteorological Laboratory, Department for underground water

Products of RHMSS Meteorological data (synop, temp, radar…..) Hydrological data (water level, water temperature, …) Weather warnings and forecast (Bulletins, maps, pictograms, …) Climatological analysis and forecast (CW Bulletins, studies, climate index… ) Agrometeorological information (SPI, alerts, )

Products of RHMSS cont. Specialized forecast (Biometeorological forecast, Heat/Cold wave, ) NWP products (Maps, Meteograms, FWI, … ) Hydro warnings and forecast, analysis, .. SEEVCCC products (regional CWS Bulletin- analysis and prediction) Calibration of meteorological instruments

Users by Sectors: Civil protection Industry Services Agriculture Government of RS and governmental institutions Ministry of the interior - Sector for emergency situations Media: TV, Radio, Newspapers Industry and Public companies (water management, energetic, agriculture,..) Winter road maintenance companies Civil Aviation Directorate, SMATSA, Airport Belgrade, Local municipalities by Sectors: Civil protection Industry Services Agriculture Public Infrastructure Dodati infrastructure (Water management and ) health, Main hazards related with weather and climate are: drought, floods, hail, extreme temperatures, forest fires,

System of protection and rescue RHMSS is part of National System of protection and rescue Director of RHMSS is member of Republic HQ of emergency situation Civil protection – Sector for emergency situation of Ministry of interior is one of the most important stakeholder. Communication and collaboration Rulebook of issuing meteo and hydro warnings (Official Gazette of RS 96/13

Dissemination of products How users get information and services E-mail SMS messages Phone FTP server Web www.hidmet.gov.rs, www.meteoalarm.rs

Type of stakeholders Mandatory, non-commercial Government of RS and governmental institutions (Ministries, Agencies, Civil protection, Army, etc..), Universities, non-profit organizations (Red Cross, Mountain Rescue,…) Public (www.hidmet.gov.rs) Commercial Industry (NIS- Oil refinery, chemical industry ), Insurance companies, Media, Winter road maintenance companies, Hydropower plants, private requirements…, Regulation of the Government of RS on reimbursement for meteorological and hydrological services (Official Gazette RS No 37/13) based on Law of meteorological and hydrological activities Internal communication Example: Weather forecast for other departments of RHMSS such as hydrology forecast, agrometeorological dept., hail suppression,…

End users request jobs RHMS of Serbia is the referential organization, with full responsibility, for providing special request services, beside operational and regular jobs in all of its’ working areas. RHMS does not make standard commercial contracts, but collects allowance for non-standard services. Financial resources, gained in such a way, are directed to the budget of the Republic of Serbia. Those funds can be used exclusively for buying new equipment and staff education on RHMS request. Rising of staff salaries cannot be made from these resources. Weather Forecast Climatology Agrometeorology Hydrology More information: http://www.hidmet.gov.rs/eng/usluge/index.php Regulation of the Government of RS on reimbursement for meteorological and hydrological services (Official Gazette RS No 37/13) based on Law of meteorological and hydrological activities

What improvements in RHMSS stakeholders require RHMSS communicate with stakeholders and has a procedure for record and process requests. Civil protection request to RHMSS to participate on training local emergency staff after floods 2014 for 30 municipalities affected about using warning products of RHMSS (Bulletins, meteoalarm, FWI…) Civil protection – better spatial resolution of real time data and warnings Current situation: real time data from 28 AWS and 62 hydro stations, issuing warnings for district level Expectation in the future: warnings for local municipalities level and more AWS. Public – weather forecast for more cities and more details Current situation: weather forecast for ten major cities (Tmax, Tmin and type of weather) for two days ahead and for 5 cities for 5 days ahead Expectation: weather forecast with more details for more cities.

Accuracy and timeliness Communication with users RHMSS implemented Quality Management Standard ISO 9001:2008 (2012) and SRPS ISO/IEC 17025: 2006 – National Meteorological Laboratory (2013) Survey of stakeholder Ranking users Records complaints Corrective and preventive action What kind of products and services you use? Accuracy and timeliness

Questions & Thinking Future role of RHMSS Responsibilities RHMSS as national meteorological and hydrological service. International collaboration. NHMSs and private companies - Law of meteorology and hydrology define met&hydro activities of interest for the RS ( RHMSS) and other met&hydro activities (private or RHMSS) Impact based forecast – Not “What weather will be” than: “What weather will do!” – Training, new skills… Contribution to socio and economic benefit through hydro-met early warning system and climate monitoring and prediction. Climate change – increased dependence on weather. Less staff, decrease budget and more requirements. Save human lives and reduce damage and losses.

Thank you for your attention! …Meteorology is in a somewhat unique position with respect to its users. By and large, meteorologists do not generate income; rather, the things that we produce offer opportunities for others to generate income, or for others to avoid spending resources needlessly… Chuck Doswell, Meteorology and Users, 1995. update 2006.