Of Mice and Men John Steinbeck
John Steinbeck
Published 1937– mixed reviews Previous on MOST CHALLENGED BOOKS of 21st CENTURY list One of the 10 most frequently challenged books in 2001 Set during The Depression Naturalism / Realism Steinbeck is basing on some real experiences
Setting– The Depression… near Soledad, California Stock Market Crash 1929 Dustbowl Migrant Workers Purpose of the novel: entertain and educate. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4yg_ ddv7vZk
Realism (1870s-1880s) “… the author makes no attempt to hide the hardships or ugliness of human existence.” Life depicted as is Often middle class Use of local color
Naturalism (1880s-1940s) Emerges out of Realism Similar to realism but dealt with other subject matter too– sex, violence, poverty Steinbeck uses several defining characteristics of naturalism but also diverges from it some in the novella.
Like animals, we are products of natural surroundings, instincts, and heredity Complex relationship with environment where nature often seems indifferent Element of narrative detachment (objective tone) Questions to what extent we control our fate Tone is pessimistic
Repetition of key line or phrases Devoid of many poetic features Conflict between social classes; exploitation of workers by those in power Tend to focus on one specific occupation/trade Researched for specific data
Title of novella is allusion Robert Burns’s poem “To a Mouse” “Best laid plans of mice and men often go askew” Look for the significance of the title as we read.
Allegory– an extended metaphor in which characters, objects, incidents, and descriptions carry one or more sets of fully developed meanings in addition to the literal ones. Some critics suggest the novella is an allegory… if so, what do the characters represent or symbolize?
As you read… pay attention to how the work is an example of Naturalism As you read… pay attention to how the work is an example of Naturalism. Look for strong imagery (particular animal images), foreshadow, and symbolism. Consider the theme.