Topic 11.1 Antibody production and vaccination

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Presentation transcript:

Topic 11.1 Antibody production and vaccination Essential Idea: Immunity is based on recognition of self and destruction of foreign material. http://www.evolutionaryparenting.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/Vaccine3.jpg

Every organism has unique molecules on the surface of its cells.

Antibodies aid in the destruction of pathogens.

B lymphocytes are activated by T lymphocytes in mammals.

B lymphocytes are activated by T lymphocytes in mammals.

Plasma cells secrete antibodies.

Immunity depends upon the persistence of memory cells.

Immunity depends upon the persistence of memory cells. Step 2 – Activation of the B Cells to create memory cells and plasma cells. Step 1 – Activation of the Helper T Cells Step 3 – Retention of memory cells to fight off further infection

Rabies Trichinosis Leptospirosis Most pathogens are species-specific, but some can cross species barriers. Rabies Trichinosis Leptospirosis Many diseases are caused by a jump over the species barrier. The first incidences are always hard to track, but often require some form of interaction with animals/animal matter. In this way, it can be hard to track the first case down, in order to know what animals delivered the pathogen to humans.

White blood cells release histamine in response to allergens White blood cells release histamine in response to allergens. Histamine causes allergic symptoms. Histamine is just an organic compound that is produced by basophils and mast cells. The positive response on an allergy test is simply the body’s response to histamine when it is exposed to allergens. Antihistamines are found in most allergy medicines, and they simply stop the pathway of histamine in the body, since most allergic reactions are not truly protecting the body from anything harmful.

Fusion of a tumor cell with an antibody-producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell. Monoclonal antibodies are produced by hybridoma cells.

Fusion of a tumor cell with an antibody-producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell. Hybridoma cells are used to create monoclonal antibodies in vitro

Fusion of a tumor cell with an antibody-producing plasma cell creates a hybridoma cell. Hybridoma cells are used to create monoclonal antibodies in vitro

Application: Pregnancy Test Kits use monoclonal antibodies to HCG to determine pregnancy.

Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nJqderdey_I

Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease. How do Vaccination rates relate to the amount of government funding provided for them? http://apps.who.int/immunization/programmes_systems/financing/data_indicators/maps/

Read this article if you don’t believe me. Vaccines lead to herd immunity, and allow for the eradication of many infectious diseases. This is why you never see anyone with any of these fantastic diseases in the developed world Smallpox Diptheria Tetanus In conclusion: YOU CAN’T CATCH AUTISM….especially from vaccines Or view this Info-graphic Read this article if you don’t believe me. Watch this video to hear about the controversy: