Homework: what did you find out? Read Topic 1: Children’s eating habits on page 161 Design a questionnaire to correlate parent’s and children’s attitudes to food and eating behaviour If you can, carry out the study, provided you have access to CONSENTING PPs! Homework: what did you find out?
Cultural differences? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_UKLncvGxQ8 (Japan) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8VdG8eCxors (Philippines) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dsujRWX7flw (Israel) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0eN9KP6lOZs (USA) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rSy5p9CvwoM (France) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WKG1O6EEWr8 (Italy) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ivxP-UujQak (Australia) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pd1vOJ3n3v0 (India) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GYzJdyIbnjA (China)
Cultural influences on eating behaviour http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SJF50kwwRJE The developmental approach Social learning Operant conditioning Classical conditioning Exposure to food (familiarity) So where does our food preference come from? Nature or nurture? Free will or determinism?
Activity (page 163) Think of 3 foods you really like and 3 you dislike List reasons Is it due to exposure or other reasons? Do you think your tastes could change? If yes, HOW?
Group task Read developmental explanations (p.163-165) Exposure Social learning Associative learning Write a short story (you are free to chose a genre of your liking) to describe one of the 3 processes
Culture and food Availability of food usually determines diet Wardle et al (1997) surveyed the diets of 16,000 young adults across 21 European countries Sweden, Holland, Norway, Denmark most fibre; Portugal, Spain and Italy least fibre Italy, Portugal, Spain most fruit England and Scotland least fruit Poland and Portugal highest salt intake Sweden and Finland lowest salt intake
Culture and food Fast foods and “americanization” cause higher levels of obesity However, Leshem (2009) shows the persistence of cultural effects on diet. He compared Bedouin Arab women living in desert encampments with ones who had lived in urbanised areas for at least one generation + compared both to Jewish women also living in urban environment Diet of urban Bedouins was very similar to desert Bedouins, but both were very different from Jewish women Bedouins had higher intake of energy, specially carbohydrates and protein Bedouin groups had higher intake of salt
Examiner’s tip A wide range of factors influence our attitudes to food and our eating behaviour, and it is impossible to say which ones are more important. You need to be aware of the different factors and the relevant evidence. Most importantly, you need to be aware that eating behaviour depends upon early experience and learning, media, family and cultural influences, but also our biological requirements for a balanced diet.
IDA(Issues, Debates, perspectives) How many approaches can you use to explain eating behaviour? Are there any issues in researching eating behaviour? Are there any possible debates regarding eating behaviour?