Unit 2 Part 2: The American Revolution *Adapted from Creating America: A History of the United States, McDougal Littell 2002

Americans Divided Historians estimate that roughly 20 to 30 percent of Americans were Loyalists. 40-45% Patriots The rest, neutral

The Continental Army Creating an army was difficult because of the lack of support. Originally the army was made up of state militias, and untrained and undisciplined volunteers. Supplies for the army were also difficult to get. What type of supplies do you think the army would need? Wives of soldiers sometimes followed their husbands to the army camps. They cooked, did laundry, and nursed sick soldiers

George Washington Appointed as the commander of the Continental Army in July 1775. Main goal: To survive. He knew that they would not win any major battles because of lack of supplies and equipment. So he was determined to keep them in the field, avoid crushing defeats and win a series of small battles until the army was well equipped and increased their number of soldiers.

The Legacy of the American Revolution America is now Independent

Why The Americans Won George Washington was very emotional at the end of the war. He praised them and recognized that their 8 year endurance of the worst situations was a “miracle”. Better leadership British were over confident Washington’s strategy of dragging out the war to wear down the British.

Why The Americans Won Foreign Aid: France were the rivals to the British France also provided military aid as well as loans Knowledge of the Land: The Americans knew the land that they were fighting on. The British were able to hold coastal areas, but they could not extend it into the interior. Motivations: The Americans were motivated to keep their American dream, therefore their fight was inspired.

The Treaty of Paris The Treaty of Paris of 1783, negotiated between the United States and Great Britain, ended the revolutionary war and recognized American independence. The Continental Congress named a five-member commission to negotiate a treaty– John Adams, Benjamin Franklin, John Jay, Thomas Jefferson, and Henry Laurens. Laurens, however, was captured by a British warship and held in the Tower of London until the end of the war, and Jefferson did not leave the United States in time to take part in the negotiations. Thus, they were conducted by Adams, Franklin, and Jay. http://www.history.com/to pics/american- revolution/treaty-of-paris

What are the conditions of the treaty? The United States was independent. Boundaries would be the Mississippi River on the west, Canada on the north, and Spanish Florida on the south. Received the right to fish off Canada’s Atlantic coast near Newfoundland and Nova Scotia. Each side would repay debts it owed the other. The British would return any persons enslaved or captured. Return property colonist seized from Loyalists.

Costs of War 8years of fighting Est. 25,700 American Deaths 1,400 missing 8,200 wounded British lost 10,000 soldiers.

Costs of War cont.. Many soldiers who survived the war, left with no money or payment. Some soldiers were given land in the west. Debt $27 million Loyalists lost their property 60,000 to 100,00 left the United States during and after the war. Most Loyalists moved to Canada. U.S. Colonist British Loyalists

Issues After the War The Independence of America brought new ideas about how governments would be established. Republicanism: The idea stated that instead of a king, the people would rule. The government would obtain their authority from the citizens. Religion also went through some changes. Taxes were no longer used to support churches. Jews and Catholics had been discriminated against and not allowed to hold office. This practice changed after the war.

Slavery & Liberty Slavery was still influencing the culture of the newly formed United States. Some states outlawed slavery; some quicker than others., Many “black” institutions were formed; churches, social organizations, etc..

New Government Protect the rights of Citizens