The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914) Lesson 1 The New Imperialism

The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914) Lesson 1 The New Imperialism Learning Objectives Explain the political, economic, and social causes of European imperialism. Understand how technology and other factors contributed to the spread of imperialism. Describe the characteristics of imperial rule. Summarize the cultural, political, and social effects of imperialism.

The Age of Imperialism (1800–1914) Lesson 1 The New Imperialism Key Terms Imperialism protectorate sphere of influence,

Motivations for the New Imperialism The Industrial Revolution transformed the West. Advances in science and technology, industry, transportation, and communication provided Western nations with many advantages. Armed with new economic and political power, Western nations set out to dominate the world, building extensive overseas empires in the late 1800s.

Motivations for the New Imperialism Need for Resources Drives Further Expansion Imperialism- Europe colonized most of the Americas BUT- had little success in colonizing Asia, Africa, and SEA Political and Military Causes Europe- stable gov’ts IR made nations wealthy and strong New Imperialism- Causes- economic, political, military, humanitarian, and religious Humanitarian and Religious Motives Social Darwinism’s Impact Survival of the fittest- European society superior, should dominate

Motivations for the New Imperialism The Netherlands played a leading role in the first phase of imperialism, from 1500 to 1800. The Dutch East India Company protected Dutch trade in the Indian Ocean and even had the right to make treaties and maintain its own armed forces.

Western Imperialism Spreads Rapidly From about 1870 to 1914, imperialist nations gained control over much of the world. Leading the way were soldiers, merchants, settlers, missionaries, and explorers. In Europe, imperial expansion found favor with all classes, from bankers and manufacturers to workers. Western imperialism expanded rapidly for a number of reasons.

Western Imperialism Spreads Rapidly 1800’s- Every part of the World divided between GB, France, Germany, AH, Russia, Italy, US, and a few others Vulnerable Non-Western States Non-European cultures in decline Examples Western Advantages Besides what we talked about already Quinine- Maxim gun- Some Resist Imperialism Critics at Home

Western Imperialism Spreads Rapidly Western imperialists had powerful armies to keep control in their colonies. Here, British Army troops put down a rebellion in Bombay, India, in 1898. Support a Point of View with Evidence Does the artist who created this drawing favor the British or the Indians? What details in the image support your conclusion?

Types of Imperial Rule The leading imperial powers developed several kinds of colonial rule. Each of the different types reflected different goals for their colonies.

Types of Imperial Rule Direct and Indirect Rule Direct Indirect- Other Types of Imperial Rule Protectorate Sphere of influence

Types of Imperial Rule The French practiced direct rule in their colonies. Here, French soldiers speak with an Algerian man. Infer What were the costs and benefits of direct rule?

The Effects of Imperialism Western imperialism had an enormous impact around the world. It affected different places in different ways, but there were some common effects in colonized territories.

The Effects of Imperialism Cultural Changes Europeans often didn’t respect local cultures Tried to change to be more like Europeans Political Changes In conquered territories, Europeans set up their own gov’ts Sometimes included locals New Borders Often made no sense to locals Economic Changes Europeans wanted profits Exploited local resources and labor Closed local industry so people relied on European goods Pros/cons Often modernized areas But exploited

The Effects of Imperialism Missionaries brought not only religion, but cultural change. Girls at this French missionary school in China learn Christmas carols. Analyze Context What evidence can you find in the photo that this is a missionary school?

Quiz: Motivations for the New Imperialism Which of the following BEST summarizes the causes of imperialism in the late 1800s? A. Westerners wanted to spread their religion, sell manufactured goods, and gain territory to compete with other countries. B. Westerners wanted markets for their goods and to attract non-Western workers for their factories. C. Westerners wanted to spread their religion and educate people. D. Westerners wanted to conquer as much land as they could because they needed more territory.

Quiz: Western Imperialism Spreads Rapidly How were Western nations able to expand their control over Asia and Africa so quickly? A. Their reliance on enslaved people gave them enough manpower to conquer Asian and African territories. B. They had strong governments, advanced economies and technology, and military power. C. They brought industry to Africa and Asia, setting up factories near the sources of resources. D. They adopted the traditions of the local peoples that they hoped to control.

Quiz: Types of Imperial Rule How do direct and indirect rule differ? A. Direct rule allowed for a European monarch to rule directly over the colony; indirect rule let the colonies rule themselves with no intervention. B. Direct rule set up a government ruled by the local people; indirect rule set up a government controlled by royal officials. C. Direct rule set up Westerners to rule over colonies; indirect rule allowed them to rule themselves with no intervention. D. Direct rule had European officials and soldiers to govern colonies; indirect rule used Western-appointed locals to govern colonies.