Cell Division process by which cells reproduce themselves.

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Presentation transcript:

Cell Division process by which cells reproduce themselves

Cell Division in Prokaryotes Binary fission process where DNA is copied and cells are divided into two identical haploid cells

Cell Division in Eukaryotes Cell Cycle the repeating set of events in the life of a cell Regular pattern of growth, DNA duplication, and cell division

Cell Division in Eukaryotes Cell Cycle 2 parts with 4 stages Interphase (includes Stages 1, 2, 3) M phase (includes Stage 4) 4 Main Stages Gap 1 (G1) Synthesis (S) Gap 2 (G2) Mitosis and Cytokinesis (M)

Cell Division in Eukaryotes Interphase consists of 3 Stages (G1) = growth (increase in size) and increase number of organelles Critical checkpoint before moving to Stage 2 (S) = DNA replication (copy DNA) (G2) = more growth and preparation Critical checkpoint before moving to Stage 4

Cell Division in Eukaryotes M phase consists of 1 Stage (M) = 2 processes Mitosis = division of the nucleus & DNA Nuclear envelope disappears DNA condenses and separates 2 new nuclei form Cytokinesis = division of cytoplasm Result is 2 identical cells

Control of the Cell Cycle

Rate of the Cell Cycle In humans S, G2, M = 12 hours G1 = differs based on cell type

Cell Size If too small Can’t hold all necessary organelles If too large Necessary materials cannot move across the cell membrane fast enough Surface area to Volume ratio too much volume, not enough surface area

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