Chapter 10 Study Guide Answers

What is released when waves break? Energy

What do waves make when they break rock into small pieces? Sand

What kind of pattern does a long shore current make? Zigzag

Which way do sand dunes move? In the direction of the wind

What is the steep side of a dune called? Slip face

What is it called when sand jumps and bounces? Saltation

What is a glacier? A large mass of moving ice

Name two kinds of glaciers: Continental and alpine

What is a sharp pyramid shaped peak called? Horns

What is a sea cave? Large holes in rocks at the base of sea cliffs

What is a sea stack? Columns of rock that were once connected to the mainland

What is a sea arch? Arches that form when waves erode a sea cave

What is a sea cliff? Steep slopes that form when waves undercut the rock

Describe a mud flow: A mass of mud that moves rapidly

Define mass movement: Rock, soil, or snow that moves downhill

Describe a creep: Rock and soil that moves downhill very slowly

Define rock fall: Loose rocks that fall down a slope

What is a desert pavement? A surface of rocks and pebbles created by wind

What is a medial moraine? When two valley glaciers with moraines meet

What is a dune: Mounds of sand left by the wind

What is an angle of repose: The steepest angle at which loose material no longer moves downslope

What is deflation? The process in which wind blows away fine sediment