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© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. The Skeletal System Parts of the skeletal system Bones (skeleton) Joints Cartilages Ligaments Two subdivisions of the skeleton Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

© 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. Functions of the Bones Support the body Protect soft organs Skull and vertebrae protect brain and spinal cord Rib cage protects thoracic cavity organs Attached skeletal muscles allow movement Store minerals and fats Calcium and phosphorus Fat in the internal marrow cavity Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis) © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

Classification of Bones The adult skeleton has 206 bones Two basic types of osseous (bone) tissue Compact bone Dense, smooth, and homogeneous Spongy bone Small needlelike pieces of bone Many open spaces © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.

Figure 5.1 Flat bones consist of a layer of spongy bone sandwiched between two thin layers of compact bone. Spongy bone Compact bone © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc.