Fundamentals of Mendelian Genetics

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Presentation transcript:

Fundamentals of Mendelian Genetics

Law of Segregation The law of segregation tells us that our 2 alleles for every gene separate in the preparation steps for sexual reproduction.

Law of Independent Assortment The Law of Independent Assortment states that when two or more characteristics are inherited, individual hereditary factors assort independently during gamete production, giving different traits an equal opportunity of occurring together.

Terms To Know Genotype: The combination of genes in an organism. Phenotype: The physical characteristics Allele: Different forms of the same gene Gene: A piece of DNA that gives information for a specific trait Heterozygous: Two different alleles for a given trait (Bb) Homozygous: Two of the same alleles for a given trait (BB, bb) Punnett square – tool (model) used to indicate all possible genotypic outcomes of a particular cross or breeding experiment and to calculate genotypic and phenotypic probabilities in offspring

How do we calculate heredity using a punnet square? Watch this! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mehz7tCxjSE