Atomic Structure Subatomic Particles C. Johannesson.

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Presentation transcript:

Atomic Structure Subatomic Particles C. Johannesson

Subatomic Particles equal in a neutral atom Atomic Number NUCLEUS ELECTRONS equal in a neutral atom PROTONS NEUTRONS NEGATIVE CHARGE QUARKS Atomic Number equals the # of... POSITIVE CHARGE NEUTRAL CHARGE Most of the atom’s mass. C. Johannesson

Subatomic Particles Quarks component of protons & neutrons 6 types He 3 quarks = 1 proton or 1 neutron C. Johannesson

Mass Number mass # = protons + neutrons always a whole number © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc. always a whole number NOT on the Periodic Table!

Isotopes Mass # Atomic # Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers. Nuclear symbol: Mass # Atomic # Hyphen notation: carbon-12

Isotopes © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

Isotopes Chlorine-37 atomic #: mass #: # of protons: # of electrons: # of neutrons: 17 37 20

Relative Atomic Mass 12C atom = 1.992 × 10-23 g atomic mass unit (amu) 1 amu = 1/12 the mass of a 12C atom 1 p = 1.007276 amu 1 n = 1.008665 amu 1 e- = 0.0005486 amu © Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc.

Average Atomic Mass Avg. Atomic Mass weighted average of all isotopes on the Periodic Table round to 2 decimal places Avg. Atomic Mass

Average Atomic Mass EX: Calculate the avg. atomic mass of oxygen if its abundance in nature is 99.76% 16O, 0.04% 17O, and 0.20% 18O. Avg. Atomic Mass 16.00 amu

Average Atomic Mass EX: Find chlorine’s average atomic mass if approximately 8 of every 10 atoms are chlorine-35 and 2 are chlorine-37. Avg. Atomic Mass 35.40 amu