Transport So far we have studied two types of cellular transport: Diffusion Osmosis Both of these involve getting to EQUILIBRIUM so that concentrations are equal. Ask the students to define/explain diffusion in their own words. Get them to see the connection between the words equilibrium and equal.

Passive Transport REVIEW POINT: Example: Osmosis and diffusion are types of passive transport, since they happen easily. Passive transport is the movement of solutes across a membrane without the use of energy. Example: If you were in a crowded room and there was an empty room across the hall, some people would move to the other room naturally so everyone would have more space. This is like equilibrium.

Active Transport Sometimes, cells needs to hoard materials or wants none of something. Examples: Food Charged particles Poisonous chemicals Key Point #1: Active transport is the opposite of passive transport because solutes move from an area of lower concentration to higher concentration. Active transport is the use of ENERGY to pump molecules against an equilibrium. Ask them what cells would need to hoard and get some examples before you reveal

ACTIVE TRANSPORT HIGH LOW

ACTIVE TRANSPORT HIGH LOW

Analogy Think of passive transport (or diffusion and osmosis) as water running downhill; no one has to help it. However, to carry water uphill takes a lot of effort. This is active transport since it does not happen by itself.

Types of Active Transport Key Point #2 - Active Transport can be used to get large amounts of solids, or liquids in and out of the cell, or pump things in or out (proteins) A. Endocytosis- taking in large things -Phagocytosis-solids Pinocytosis-liquids B. Exocytosis- putting large things out

Where does energy come from? So the cell uses energy to perform active transport. Where does this energy come from? Key Point #3: When cells need energy, they use a molecule called adenosine triphosphate or ATP. For now all you need to know is that ATP gives the cell energy, more on this in the next unit  Student voices, yay. Movement, reproducing, eating, making proteins, making macromolecules, repairing itself, making organelles. Etc.

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Requires Energy

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Moves toward equilibrium

Movement of solutes from high to low

= EQUAL EQUAL

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Moves solutes from a area of low concentration to a area of high concentration

Movement of solutes from low to high

Active! Movement of solutes from low to high HIGH LOW

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Water moves into a cell until the concentration inside the cell is equal to the concentration outside the cell

Equal= equilibrium= passive!

Outside Cell Inside Cell tonic Solution The red dots are water molecules

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Happens naturally with no use of energy

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Moves solutes from a area of high concentration to a area of low concentration

Diffusion Movement of solutes from high to low HIGH LOW

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Moves solutes against equilibrium

Practice: Active (A) Passive (P) Salt moving into a cell to equalize concentrations.

Eukaryote Cell Wall Prokaryote Lysosome Animal cell membrane Plant vacuole Ribosome Golgi Apparatus Mitochondria Nucleus Chloroplast

Bonus 1. Endocytosis means taking something in or putting something out of the cell? 2. Exocytosis means taking something in or putting something out of the cell? 3. What Chp. Are we on? 4. Pinocytosis refers to the cell taking in a liquid or a solid? 5. Phagocytosis refers to the cell taking in a liquid or a solid?

Equalize=equilibrium=passive! Before After

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Let’s kick it up a notch Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Water moving into a cell in a hypotonic solution.

Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Let’s kick it up a notch Practice: Active (A), Passive (P) Water moving into a cell in a hypotonic solution.

Outside Cell Inside Cell Hypotonic Solution The red dots are water molecules

Outside Cell Hypotonic Solution Inside Cell Water Water Water

Outside Cell Hypotonic Solution Inside Cell Water Water Water

Practice: Active (Pink), Passive (Blue) Let’s kick it up a notch Practice: Active (Pink), Passive (Blue) Water being pumped out of cell in a hypotonic solution.

I’m gonna pump you up! PUMPED- does this word sound like it takes energy???

Outside Cell Inside Cell Hypotonic Solution The red dots are water molecules

Outside Cell Inside Cell Hypotonic Solution The red dots are water molecules

Outside Cell Inside Cell Hypotonic Solution The red dots are water molecules