Performance Based Navigation: Navigation Specifications John McGraw Manager, Flight Technologies and Procedures Division Flight Standards Service U.S. Federal Aviation Administration

RNAV and RNP Navigation Specifications Navigation Specifications address aircraft and operational issues Grouped into two volumes: RNAV Navigation Specifications Do not require performance monitoring and alerting RNP Navigation Specifications

PBN Scope Incorporate existing operations as practical RNP-10 classified as RNAV RNP-4 adds performance monitoring requirement B-RNAV renamed as RNAV-5 Basic GNSS approaches renamed RNP APCH Additional guidance on barometric VNAV Harmonize European and US RNAV RNAV-1 and RNAV-2 Terminal arrival/departure for non-radar Basic RNP-1 Advanced instrument approaches RNP AR APCH

Overview by Flight Phase PBN Manual includes airworthiness, operational and training guidance NAVIGATION SPECIFICATION FLIGHT PHASE En Route Oceanic / Remote En Route Continental ARR APPROACH DEP Initial Intermed Final Missed RNAV 10 (RNP 10) 10   RNAV 5 5 RNAV 2 2 RNAV 1 1 1b Basic-RNP 1 1a,c 1a 1a,b RNP APCH 0.3 RNP AR APCH 1 - 0.1 0.3 - 0.1 Notes: The numbers given in the table refer to the 95% accuracy requirements (NM) RNP 2 and Advanced-RNP 1 are expected to be included in a future revision of the PBN Manual; 1a means that the navigation application is limited to use on STARs and SIDs only; 1b means that the area of application can only be used after the initial climb of a missed approach phase 1c means that beyond 30 NM from the airport reference point (ARP), the accuracy value for alerting becomes 2 NM

DME/DME RNAV Japan

P-RNAV – Night RNAV routes into Schiphol RNAV transitions during night •First part provides lateral guidance from IAF to start of CDA, altitudes and speeds by ATC •If necessary radar vectoring by ATC to build sequence before start of CDA •Second part is CDA with pre-defined lateral path from at least 4000 ft, no ATC intervention •Procedure mandatory for RNAV equipped jets during night •Non RNAV aircraft will receive radar vectors

RNP (AR) APCH Palm Springs, California

Approval Guidelines Aircraft Eligibility Operational Approval Can be based on Aircraft Flight Manual or supplemental information Operational Approval Operating procedures Flight crew training Control of navigation database process, where required Approval obtained in accordance with State operating rules

Aircraft Requirements Performance Requirements Accuracy, Integrity, Continuity, GNSS signal-in-space Performance monitoring and alerting Only applicable for RNP systems Criteria for Specific Navigation Services Defines allowable systems and required performance Functional requirements Just as important as performance Navigation database requirements

Criteria for Specific Navigation Services GNSS IRU D/D D/D/IRU D/VOR RNP-10  RNAV-5 RNAV-1 RNP-4 RNP-1 RNP APCH RNP AR APCH

Operating Procedures and Training Pre-flight planning In-flight procedures Performance expectations (deviation from path) Pilot has critical role in performance monitoring Contingency procedures Training Lists training tasks considered important, which may already be part of operator’s training program System-specific information on how navigation system functions is vital to success

Navigation Service Provider Responsibilities Navigation infrastructure DME geometry with respect to route Communication and surveillance Radar required or not? Obstacle clearance and route spacing; Publication Controller Not meant to impose new requirements Status monitoring ATS System monitoring

Conclusion Navigation Specification provides implementation guidance for PBN operations Focus of navigation specification is on aircraft and operator Other aspects covered in appropriate ICAO document (for example, PANS-OPS) New Navigation Specifications will be developed as appropriate For example, Advanced RNP-1

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