The Incas AIM: What evidence do you have to show that the Incas were an advanced civilization? Directions: Read all information on the powerpoint but copy.

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Presentation transcript:

The Incas AIM: What evidence do you have to show that the Incas were an advanced civilization? Directions: Read all information on the powerpoint but copy only what is underlined in your notebook. You MUST have Ms. Keith check your answers to the reflection questions at the end of powerpoint.

The Incas developed a vast civilization in the Andes Mountains.

Look how massive they are! They run the length of South America! Andes Mountains! Look how massive they are! They run the length of South America!

The Incas The Incas developed a civilization in a valley of the Andes Mountains around 1100 A.D. The Incas built their capital, Cuzco, high in the Andes Mountains At its height, the empire stretched 2,500 miles.

Because they lived in the mountains, the Incas had to adapt to their surroundings to survive. The Incas built terraces to farm on the mountains.

Terrace Farming The Incas built wide step-like terraces so that they could plant crops needed to survive. Why do you think they had to build steps into the mountains? At its height, more than 12 million people lived in the Incan empire.

The Inca built many roads to connect their vast empire.

Roads To connect their vast empire, the Incas built many roads. One Inca road was 2,500 miles long. The Incas also built rope bridges to connect their empire.

The Incas were also adept builders. The Incas came up with a way to build these structures without clay or mud. The stones were cut so carefully so that each stuck together perfectly! The Incas were also adept builders.

Buildings The Incas built beautiful cities. The Incas cut stone blocks so that they fit tightly together without anything holding them together. Machu Picchu, a fortress city of the Incas, still stands.

Machu Picchu These are images of the great Machu Picchu civilization built high in the Peru mountains. The ruins still stand today and are a popular destination for hikers and tourists.

The Incas were skilled builders. Inca roads stand even today.

Welfare While all land belonged to the Incan emperor, he let other people farm the land and pay taxes to him. The government also took care of the sick, the elderly, and the orphan. The government provided for the less fortunate members of society.

The Incas were very advanced.

Achievements The Incas invented the crowbar. The Incas developed the quipu, a knotted rope for communication. The Incas built buildings without mortar. The Incas provided for all members of the empire.

Quipu messenger sent from city to city to deliver messages. The Incas did NOT have a system of writing. Instead they used the Quipu to communicate. The number and color of knots represented messages for Incan tribes. Quipu messenger sent from city to city to deliver messages.

The Incas were conquered by Francisco Pizarro in the 1530s.

Questions for Reflection: How were the Incas able to feed a vast population on the mountains of Peru? List three achievements of the Incas. What did the Incas create to increase communication within the empire?