Presented by Damien West and Pete Murphy What are the contingencies that need to be understood when managing a Retained Duty System? Presented by Damien West and Pete Murphy

Introduction Background Focus on the East Midlands Me and the RDS RDS in the UK Financial Constraint Sir Ken Knight NAO Focus on the East Midlands

Literature Review Literature on the RDS Four key Areas Volunteers and Part-time workers Overseas Four key Areas

Literature Review Culture and Relationships Management Practices Divisions between wholetime and others Effect of location and demographic Specials & Fire Services Management Practices ‘Volunteers can’t be managed’ Flexibility & Recognising Differences Support & a Positive Environment Results of Failure

Literature Review Motivation Commitment Altruistic or Pro-Social? Social Rewards ‘extremely diverse group’ Fire Sector specific Commitment Psychological Contract Personal gratification

Method and Methodology Mixed-method, Deductive Approach Primary Research Online survey In-depth interviews Focus groups Secondary Research Exit Interviews ‘Grey Literature’ Active Participation

Findings, Analysis & Discussion Management Practice Access Balancing Demands Recruiting within a Community Understanding, Empathy and Flexibility Relationships and Culture Historical Divisions Recent Experiences Organisational Culture

Findings, Analysis & Discussion Motivation and Commitment Motivators for Joining Continued Commitment Recognition ‘The Eight Areas of Motivation’

Eight Areas of Motivation

Findings, Analysis & Discussion Motivation and Commitment Motivators for Joining Continued Commitment Recognition ‘The Eight Areas of Motivation’ The Commitment Timeline ‘Gang’ Culture Leadership

Recommendations The Future? Recommendations Locally Nationally Knowledge, Understanding and Skills Clarity of Expectations Senior Management Message Understanding Motivations Recognition

Any Questions? International Journal of Emergency Studies Damien West Damien.west@notts-fire.gov.uk 07967 661513 Pete Murphy Peter.murphy@ntu.ac.uk