Are SA’s fisheries at the End of the Line?

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Presentation transcript:

Are SA’s fisheries at the End of the Line? Colin Attwood, Zoology Dept. and Marine Research Institute, UCT

End of the Line Mechanisms of over-fishing, and their consequences Massive declines in fish abundance Excessive investment in gear The effects of subsidies Discarding Ignoring scientific advice Ecosystem alteration and degradation Exploitation of Africa by 1st world nations

Linefish Survey data: Arniston and Struisbaai Carpenter Red stumpnose 1931 to 1933 Roman 1987 to 1993 Red steenbras Seventy-four Dageraad Santer Other

“74” Dageraad Red steenbras These species dominated our temperate reefs. They briefly supported a fishery. Now they are very rare!

Not all is bad news

Australia’s south-east trawl fishery (R. J. Gowers 2008. Environ Australia’s south-east trawl fishery (R.J. Gowers 2008. Environ. History 14: 265–287 )

Catch of north-sea cod (tonnes) ICES Advice Catch of north-sea cod (tonnes) ICES Advice. Cod in Subarea IV (North Sea), Division VIId (Eastern Channel), and IIIa West (Skagerrak)

Fisheries management 1.01 Sustainable harvest Maximum sustainable yield Sustainable harvest Extinction(?) Zero catch Effort (# boats, or sea-days)

Let’s add a few other species ? Sustainable harvest Effort (# boats, or sea-days)

A MDS plot of the similarity of each fish species’ contribution to different fisheries N=507

A MDS plot of the similarity of each fish species’ contribution to different fisheries Trawl Pelagic longline Handline Purse-seine Prawn trawl Shore angling Beach-seine Estuarine angling

A MDS plot of the similarity of each fish species’ contribution to different fisheries Trawl Pelagic longline Handline Purse-seine Prawn trawl Shore angling Beach-seine Estuarine angling

It looks as if we are doing OK for 11 fish species. Lets hope the other 496 are OK too.

Final thoughts We need to consider cheap and robust mechanisms to protect our incredible diversity of fishes. I consider MPAs (or closed areas) to be in this category. The small-scale fisheries policy is pushing co-management. It is backed by some nice theory (reducing the commons, encouraging buy-in), but can we make it work?