Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: Measured data of blood viscosity (for Ht = 45%, log.-log. scale) [15] and individual parts of the modeled relative steady-state blood viscosity Πfp (Eq. (2)).

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: (a) Comparison between the measured blood viscosity (black broken curves) as a function of Ht (log. scale) for different values of shear rate (γ˙1  = 52 s−1, γ˙2  = 5.2 s−1, γ˙3  = 0.52 s−1, γ˙4  = 0.052 s−1) [16] and model predictions (gray dotted curves); (b) predicted viscosity as a function of Ht for different values of RBC deformability μ0 (Eq. (12)) at shear rate 52 s−1 and measured relative viscosity of blood containing rigid RBCs (black broken curve), taken from Chien et al. [26].

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: (a) Predicted blood viscosity for differently hardened RBCs (corresponding values of μ0 are obtained using Eq. (12)) for Ht = 45% (dotted curves) along with measured data: HA and NP data (log.–log. scale) [15], (b) cross-plot of Fig. 3(a) at shear rates 0.01 s−1 and 200 s−1.

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: (a) Geometrical model of the CCA and (b) flow rate waveforms applied on the ICA and ECA (obtained from Ref. [36])

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: Axial velocity profile (a), mean WSSTG (b), and mean WSS (c) at location S of the model (Fig. 4(a)) along with the estimated range of the converged numerical solution (with the range [ϕ1 (1-GCI21), ϕ1 (1+GCI21)])

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: Plots of time-averaged WSS: (a) results for constant blood viscosity, ηN = 3.6 mPa·s; and (b)–(d) by using the derived viscosity model for different RBC shear modulus μ0 (relation (12)): μ0_N, μ0_1, and μ0_2 (with the corresponding variation of blood viscosity presented in Fig. 3(a)). Plots are presented in logarithmic scale to highlight the regions of low (<0.4 Pa) WSS. Views 1 and 2 are presented in Fig. 4(a).

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: Oscillatory shear index (OSI): (a) results for constant blood viscosity, ηN = 3.6 mPa·s; and (b)–(d) by using the derived viscosity model for different RBC shear modulus μ0 (relation (12)): μ0_N, μ0_1, and μ0_2. Views 1 and 2 are presented in Fig.4(a).

Date of download: 11/4/2017 Copyright © ASME. All rights reserved. From: Modeling the Effect of Red Blood Cells Deformability on Blood Flow Conditions in Human Carotid Artery Bifurcation J Biomech Eng. 2016;139(1):011011-011011-11. doi:10.1115/1.4035122 Figure Legend: Mean WSS temporal gradient (WSSTGavg): (a) results for constant blood viscosity, ηN = 3.6 mPa·s; and (b)–(d) by using the derived viscosity model for different RBC shear modulus μ0 (relation (12)): μ0_N, μ0_1, and μ0_2. Views 1 and 2 are presented in Fig. 4(a)