Great Britain

History The history of England begins with the tribes of Angles, Saxons, Frisians. The most important dates in the history of England: the hundred years ' war(1337-1453) with France; the revolution and the civil war the transition to a constitutional monarchy(1642-1660); The war of Red and White roses(1455-1485); Forming of Great Britain(1707); Great Depression(1929-1932), etc..

The Tower of London has been “Fortress, Palace, Home for the Crown Jewels and national treasures, Arsenal, Mint, Prison, Observatory, Zoo and tourist attraction.” There is more of London's history in the Tower than anywhere else. The oldest part of the Tower of London is the White Tower. It was built as a fortress and family residence by William the Conqueror in 1078. Sights of London

BigBen

Tower Bridge

Trafalgar Square

Trafalgar Square

TRAFALGAR SQUARE. Trafalgar square is the square in the central London TRAFALGAR SQUARE. Trafalgar square is the square in the central London. In the centre of the square you can see Nelson’s Column. Lord Nelson was the admiral who commanded the British fleet at Trafalgar battle in 1805. You can see the fountains and four bronze lions around the column. The Square is the popular place for many tourists.

Buckingham Palace

Buckingham Palace BUCKINGHAM PALACE. Buckingham Palace has been a home for the British Kings and Queens for three hundreds years. It’s the symbol of the monarch. This Palace is neither very old nor very beautiful. It is the most famous address in the world. Buckingham Palace

British Museum

The BRITISH MUSEUM. The British Museum was founded in 1753 in London The BRITISH MUSEUM. The British Museum was founded in 1753 in London. It has big collections of books, manuscripts, prints, drawings, paintings, medals, coins. The biggest Library in Great Britain with many millions of books is in the Museum. British Museum

St. Paul's Cathedral

HYDE PARK. Hyde Park is one of the biggest parks in central London HYDE PARK. Hyde Park is one of the biggest parks in central London. Hyde Park is 1,4 sq. km. Many people come to the park every day to have a rest on the green grass or to feed birds in the Serpentine Lake. Every Sunday you can listen to any person in the Speaker’s Corner.

Hyde Park

The Bank of England

Stock Exchange

London University

Population Population of 58,295,119 people (1995), the average density of the population - about 238 people per km. Most people - the British (81.5%), Scots - 9.6%, Irish - 2.4%, Welsh - 1.9% , the country is also home to Indians, Pakistanis, Arabs, Chinese, Africans. The official language English, part of the population of Wales speaks Welsh, Scottish. Most of the population - Protestants (Anglican Church, Presbyterian, Methodist), there are also Catholics, Jews, Hindus, Muslims. Birth rate - 13.18 births per 1,000 people (1995).

Political System of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. It means that the sovereign reigns but does not rule. Britain does not have a written constitution, but a set of laws. Parliament is the most important authority in Britain. Technically Parliament is made up of three parts: the Monarch, the House of Lords; and the House of Commons. In reality the House of Commons is the only one of the three which has true power.

The monarch serves formally as head of state The monarch serves formally as head of state. But the monarch is expected to be politically neutral and should not make political decisions. The present sovereign is Queen Elizabeth II. She was crowned in Westminster Abbey in 1953. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. There are 650 of them in the House of Commons. They are elected by secret ballot. General elections are held every five years. The country is divided into 650 constituencies. All citizens, aged 18 and registered in a constituency, have the right to vote. But voting is not compulsory in Britain.

Statesmen of Great Britain Oliver Cromwell (eng. Oliver Cromwell; April 25, 1599, Huntingdon - September 3, 1658, London) - leader of the English revolution, the outstanding military leader and statesman, in 1643-1650 years - Lieutenant-General of the parliamentary army, in 1650-1653 years - Lord-General, in 1653-1658 years - Lord-protector of England, Scotland and Ireland. Arthur Neville Chamberlain (Chamberlain; March 18, 1869 - 9 November 1940), a statesman of Great Britain, the leader of the Conservative party “Tories".

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 1874, the Palace - 24 января1965, London) is a British statesman and politician, Prime Minister of the Great Britain in 1940-1945 and 1951-1955 years; the soldier, journalist, writer, honorary member of the British Academy (1952)[ winner of the Nobel prize in literature (1953). James Gordon Brown (English). James Gordon Brown; was born 20 February 1951) is a British (Scottish) politician, member of the Labor party, the 74-th Prime Minister of the Great Britain from 27 June 2007 to 11 May 2010. Elizabeth II, the full name is Elizabeth Alexandra Mary (April 21, 1926, London) - reigning Queen of the United Kingdom.

Margaret Hilda Thatcher, Baroness Thatcher (October 13, 1925, - 2013) - 71-St Prime Minister of Great Britain (Conservative party of Great Britain) in 1979-1990 , Baroness since 1992. The first and so far the only woman who has been on this post, as well as the first woman to become Prime Minister of the European States. Thatcher's Premiership was the most durable of the XX century. Having received the nickname "iron lady" for a sharp criticism of the Soviet leadership, it brought to life a number of conservative measures, which have become part of the policy of the so-called "Thatcherite". Tony Blair (may 6, 1953, Edinburgh) - former leader of the labour party of Great Britain, the 73-th Prime Minister of great Britain (from 1997 to 2007). Record-breaker among the British labour for the duration of the stay at the head of the party. In the XX century only Blair and Margaret Thatcher remained in power for three General election campaigns.

Famous writers and their works. William Shakespeare - King Lear, Otello, Hamlet, The Comedy of Errors, Romeo and Juliet, etc.. Charles Dickens - Oliver Twist, The Battle of Life, Great Expectations, etc.. Oscar Wilde - An Ideal Husband, Lord Savile’s crime, The Importance Of Being Earnest,etc..

Jerome Klapka Jerome - Men in a Boat nothing of the Dog, On the Stage — and Off, etc.. George Bernard Shaw - On The Rocks, Major Barbara, Candida, Widower’s Houses, etc..

Resume So we turn full circle. Perhaps Britain is a Great country to live in because of the influence of all the many different individuals, groups, races and cultures that have come here.

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