Fixed-point Open Ocean Observatory network Richard Lampitt NOC FixO3 Final GA UPC June 2017

Our mission and legacy. Central aim of the PAP observatory European, National (UK and german) Characterizing climate variability and separating regional from large-scale forcing in the coastal ocean requires regional observing that resolves diverse scales of variability and separates regional and large-scale forcing by sampling sampled coincidentally with large scale observing, including that at high latitude. 2

How did we get here? National programmes ANIMATE, MerSea EuroSITES Geostar 1, 2 & 3 ESONET YOYO Carboocean MFSTEP Eur-Oceans EMSO PP

Integrating Infrastructure Initiative The I3 instrument Integrating Infrastructure Initiative

Structuring and integrating effect on European infrastructures I3 Objectives Structuring and integrating effect on European infrastructures Improvement of capacity and performance of European research infrastructures Efficient access and use of research infrastructures Manfred Halver, EuroRIs-Net

Collaborative Projects (CP) and Is a combination of: Collaborative Projects (CP) and Coordination and Support Actions (CP-CSA) Manfred Halver, EuroRIs-Net

3 Types of activities obligatory Networking activities TransNational Access and/or Service Activities Joint research activities To be implemented in a coordinated way under a unified management

The Call (July 2011) A project under this topic should integrate and improve access to the key infrastructures in Europe which make sustained time series observations in the open seas and ocean at fixed critical locations. These infrastructures should support fully multidisciplinary research on the entire oceanic environment, from sea floor to the air-sea interface, including carbon fluxes. The project should build on the investments and expertise developed by EuroSITES, ESONET and CARBOOCEAN projects and could consider expanding geographic coverage. It should also link to planned ESFRI infrastructures, such as EMSO and ICOS, as well as to other relevant initiatives. Data management should be addressed by ensuring compliance with SeaDataNet standards and contribution to the GMES initiative. Links with international initiatives including compliance with GEOSS principles and requirements (data sharing, compatibility) should also be reinforced. Particular attention should be paid to the involvement of European SMEs for the application of innovative technologies for in situ measurements and scientific services (this will be assessed under "Impact" criterion).

Submission: November 23rd 2011 EU Contribution: 9.7M Euro 29 partner institutions International advisory board Start: October 2012 7.0M Euro September 2013

Writing team established Galway declaration Call text proposed FixO3 start FixO3 end Call published 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 FixO3 Submission OceanObs Writing team established

FixO3 start FixO3 end 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Grant agreement Technical report Final report Mid-term review

FixO3

Across the Fram strait Within the Mediterranean

With surface chlorophyll (average 2007) FixO3 With surface chlorophyll (average 2007) Courtesy RSDAS 14

With Surface temperature climatology FixO3 With Surface temperature climatology Courtesy NEODAAS, UK

FixO3 With air-sea flux of CO2 (average 2000) (From Takahashi et al 2009) Courtesy Ute Schuster, UEA

With dust deposition rate annual climatology FixO3 With dust deposition rate annual climatology (from Mahowald 2005) Courtesy Natalie Mahowald

3 Types of activities obligatory Networking activities Service Activities and/or TransNational Access Joint research activities Our mission

Networking Enhanced links with industry Training (our colleagues and the next generation) Improved interaction with users and other observing systems Better ways of making observations Better ways of dealing with data and data products Enhanced community coherence and trust particularly between the water column and seafloor communities

SA and TNA JRA

Our legacy has been a massive level of achievement in almost all of our mission goals. EMSO will be the durable single focus of European-scale eulerian observation.

Already funded National programmes EMSO Dev EMSO Link Future calls INFRADEV-03-2019: Individual support to ESFRI and other world-class research infrastructures

Future calls/Opportunities G7 Science Ministers proposals Enhanced observatories. September 2017, Turin INFRADEV-03-2019: Individual support to ESFRI and other world-class research infrastructures

"Integrating Activity Pilot" : Future calls INFRA IA -??-2019 "Integrating Activity Pilot" : "Explore new ways to support RIs and the provision of integrated RI services at EU level“ Coastal and Fixed Point Open Ocean Observatories. Previous grants FixO3 and JERICO-NEXT Clustered to reduce RI fragmentation in the marine research field Draft probably circulated October 2017

Module Migration from FixO3 to EMSO (& ICOS) 1: Handbook of Best Practice 2: Metadata catalogue, SWE & web access to data 3: FixO3 label 4: Description of observatories, Handbook of instrumentation and Yellow Pages 5: Outreach and training material ? Links to industry Persistent undersaturation of surface waters throughout the year which gives rise to a perennial CO2 sink. Regional trait: This continuous undersatuaration is characteristic of the entire subpolar North atlantic resulting from the general cooling of surface waters during their passage from low to high latitudes. Over an annual cycle winter nitrate drives the biological pump of fixed carbon from the surface to depth. We need to monitor how changes to the oceans such as increasing ocean acidification will affect the functioning of our marine ecosystem, productivity etc which may lead to less CO2 being absorbed into the oceans. Reasons why this study is so important scientifically to study lon-term and at high resolution. A persistent feature of the North Atlantic is under-saturation of surface waters throughout the year which gives rise to a perennial CO2 sink. This makes this region of high global importance in the global carbon cycle. This continuous under-satuaration is characteristic of the entire subpolar North Atlantic resulting from the general cooling of surface waters during their passage from low to high latitudes. However, there is evidence for a trend of less CO2 being absorbed into the oceans (for the period 2003 to 2004) (Körtzinger et al. 2008). This shows that we need to monitor how changes to the oceans such as increasing ocean acidification will affect the functioning of our marine ecosystem, productivity etc which may lead to even less CO2 being absorbed into the oceans. Regional trait: This continuous under-satuaration is characteristic of the entire subpolar North Atlantic resulting from the general cooling of surface waters during their passage from low to high latitudes and therefore data from the Porcupine Abyssal Plain Observatory can be used as a model for pCO2 processes occurring across the entire subpolar North Atlantic (this region).