Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 1 YAGO – A Core of Semantic Knowledge Fabian M. Suchanek, Gjergji Kasneci, Gerhard Weikum (Max-Planck Institute for Computer Science Saarbrücken/Germany)

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 2 Overview ر Motivation ر The Yago ontology ر Content ر Model ر Conclusion

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 3 Motivation But: Maybe there are other Rock N'Roll geniuses in his generation?

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 4 Usual solution Which other singers were born when Elvis was born? Elvis Presley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Elvis Presley was born on January 8, 1935 at around 4:35 a.m. in a two-room... Other singers had been doing this for generations, but they were black.... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presley Cached Similar pages Google Search I'm Feeling Lucky

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 5 Usual solution Which other singers were born in Elvis' year of birth? Google Search I'm Feeling Lucky Elvis Presley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Elvis Presley was born on January 8, 1935 at around 4:35 a.m. in a two-room... Other singers had been doing this for generations, but they were black.... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presley Cached Similar pages

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 6 Usual solution Will you please give me IMMEDIATELY all singers that wer Google Search I'm getting angry Elvis Presley - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Elvis Presley was born on January 8, 1935 at around 4:35 a.m. in a two-room... Other singers had been doing this for generations, but they were black.... en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elvis_Presley Cached Similar pages Reason: Google does not search knowledge, but Web pages

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 7 Solution: An ontology born 1935 ? born is a singer

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 8 Solution: An ontology born 1935 ? born is a singer person subclass "Elvis Presley""The King" means Words is a Individuals Classes Relations

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 9 Where do we get the ontology from? Previous approaches: ر Assemble the ontology manually (WordNet, SUMO, GeneOntology) Problem: Usually low coverage ر Extract the ontology from corpora (e.g. the Web) (KnowItAll, Espresso, Snowball, L EILA ) Problem: Usually low accuracy (50%-92%)

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 10 Where do we get the ontology from? YAGO approach: Assemble the ontology from Wikipedia (=> good coverage) Use the category system of Wikipedia (=> good accuracy)

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 11 Exploiting the Wikipedia category system Elvis Pr blah blah blub Elvis (don't read this! Better listen to the talk!) laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Blub, aber blah! Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter Categories: 1935_births 1935 born Exploit relational categories

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 12 Exploiting the Wikipedia category system Elvis Pr blah blah blub Elvis (don't read this! Better listen to the talk!) laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Blub, aber blah! Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter Categories: American_singers 1935 born Exploit relational categories Exploit conceptual categories American_singer is a

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 13 Exploiting the Wikipedia category system Elvis Pr blah blah blub Elvis (don't read this! Better listen to the talk!) laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Blub, aber blah! Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter Categories: Disputed_articles 1935 born Exploit relational categories Exploit conceptual categories American_singer is a Disputed_article Avoid administrational categories

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 14 Exploiting the Wikipedia category system Elvis Pr blah blah blub Elvis (don't read this! Better listen to the talk!) laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Blub, aber blah! Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter blah blah blub Elvis laber fasel suelz. Insbesondere, blub, texte zu, und so weiter Categories: Rock'n_Roll_Music 1935 born Exploit relational categories Exploit conceptual categories American_singer is a Rock'n_Roll_Music Avoid administrational categories Avoid thematic categories

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 15 Thematic vs Conceptual Categories American singers of German origin Premodifier Head Postmodifier Shallow linguistic noun phrase parsing: Heuristics: If the head is a plural word, the category is conceptual Rock N'Roll music in America conceptual: thematic:

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 16 The Upper Model 1935 born American_singer is a person entity ?

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 17 The Upper Model: From Wikipedia? 1935 born American_singer is a People_by_occupation Business ? Social_group

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 18 The Upper Model: From WordNet? 1935 born American_singer is a Singer#1 Person#3 ? Singer#17...

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 19 The Upper Model: From WordNet? 1935 born American_singer is a Singer#1 Person#3 ! Singer#17...

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 20 The YAGO ontology 1935 born American_singer is a Singer#1 Person#3 subclass "singer" means "Elvis Presley" means

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 21 The YAGO ontology: Accuracy RelationAccuracy subclass 97.70% +/- 1.59% is a 94.54% +/- 2.36% familyName 97.81% +/- 1.75% givenName 97.62% +/- 2.08% establishedIn 90.84% +/- 4.28% bornInYear 93.14% +/- 3.71% diedInYear 98.70% +/- 1.30% locatedIn 98.41% +/- 1.52% politicianOf 92.43% +/- 3.93% writtenInYear 94.35% +/- 3.33% hasWonPrize 98.47% +/- 1.53%

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 22 The YAGO ontology: Number of Facts KnowItAll SUMO WordNet OpenCyc Cyc 30,000 60, , ,000 2,000,000 6,000,000 Yago Ontologies should not be judged purely by the number of facts! This is just an informational overview.

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 23 The Yago Model: Why binary is not enough singer is a (But only from 1953 to 1977) (We know this from Wikipedia) (Elvis, is_a, singer)

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 24 The Yago Model: Why binary is not enough is a Wikipedia time source #1 (Elvis, is_a, singer) #2 (#1, time, ) #3 (#1, source, Wikipedia) singer

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 25 The Yago model formally A YAGO ontology over ر a set of relations R ر a set of common entities C ر a set of fact identifiers I is a function I (R C I) R (R I C) #1 (Elvis, is_a, singer) #2 (#1, time, ) #3 (#1, source, Wikipedia) We can talk about ر facts (#1, source, Wikipedia) ر additional arguments (#1, time, ) ر relations (time, hasRange, time_interval)

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 26 The Yago model: Logical aspects Axioms: (x, is_a, y) (y, subclass, z) => (x, is_a, z)... singer person subclass is a

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 27 The Yago model: Logical aspects Axioms: (x, is_a, y) (y, subclass, z) => (x, is_a, z)... f1, f2, f3, f4, f5 f1, f2, f3 f1, f2, f3, f4, f5, f6, f7, f8, f9, f10 derive facts Eliminate facts finite, unique

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 28 Other singers of Elvis' generation "Elvis Presley" bornInYear $year $other bornInYear $year $other isa singer Enter your Yago Query: Which other singer was born in the same year as Elvis?

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Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 31 YAGO – A Core of Semantic Knowledge - Opera

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Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 36 I am a screenshot Subgraph of YAGO Singer born in the same year as Elvis: Utah Phillips

Fabian M. SuchanekYAGO - A Core of Semantic Knowledge 37 Applications ر Query it (See our WWW 2007 poster "How NAGA Uncoils") ر Find other Elvises ر Download it (use it as "WordNet + Individuals", e.g. for disambiguation) What can you do with YAGO?