Lori Spears Department of Biology Utah State University Updates on Brown Marmorated Stink Bug and Spotted Wing Drosophila in Utah Lori Spears Department of Biology Utah State University

Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) Native to southeast Asia Established in Hawaii in 1980s First detected in California in 2008 and Utah in 2010 Most Drosophila spp. attack rotting fruit Drosophila suzukii (SWD) differs in preferentially attacking ripe and ripening fruit Female Male

All Years 2014 Year Total # of SWD Date of 1st trap capture County 2010 73 Aug 18 Davis 2011 61 Sep 8 2012 16 Sep 17 2013 23 Sep 25 2014 3582 Jun 2 / Aug 12 6 counties 2014 County Total # of SWD Date of 1st trap capture Rich 206 Sep 22 Cache 2250 Aug 12 Box Elder 397 Sep 15 Weber 260 Sep 29 Davis 451 Jun 2 / Sep 15 Utah 18

All Years 2014 Year Total # of SWD Date of 1st trap capture County 2010 73 Aug 18 Davis 2011 61 Sep 8 2012 16 Sep 17 2013 23 Sep 25 2014 3582 Jun 2 / Aug 12 6 counties 2014 County Total # of SWD Date of 1st trap capture Rich 206 Sep 22 Cache 2250 Aug 12 Box Elder 397 Sep 15 Weber 260 Sep 29 Davis 451 Jun 2 / Sep 15 Utah 18

Year Total # of SWD Date of 1st trap capture 2010 73 Aug 18 2011 61 Sep 8 2012 16 Sep 17 2013 23 Sep 25 2014 451 Jun 2 / Sep 15

2014 County Total # of SWD Date of 1st trap capture Rich 206 Sep 22 Cache 2250 Aug 12 Box Elder 397 Sep 15 Weber 260 Sep 29 Davis 451 Jun 2 / Sep 15 Utah 18

SWD Monitoring (Adult Activity) 2 T yeast, 8 T sugar, 24 fl oz water, 1-2 drops of unscented dish soap (4 traps) Place trap in fruit zone Check trap and change bait weekly Pheromone-baited traps with ACV as drowning solution

SWD Monitoring (Suspicious Fruit) Sugar dunk: 1 C warm water, ¼ C sugar Salt extraction: 1 T salt, 1 C warm water

SWD Management (Cultural Control) Harvest early and continue to remove fruit as they ripen Eliminate fallen fruit and infested fruit Prune plants to maintain an open canopy Repair leaking irrigation lines and minimize overhead irrigation Identify and remove alternative host plants near your crops

SWD Management (Biological Control)

SWD Management (Chemical Control) Organophosphate – Malathion Pyrethroids: Asana (esfenvalerate) Danitol (fenpropathrin) Mustang Max (zeta-cypermethrin) Brigade (bifenthrin) Spinosyns: Delegate (spinetoram) Entrust (spinosad)

Brown Marmorated Stink Bug (Halyomorpha halys) Native to east Asia First detected in Pennsylvania in 1996 and Utah in 2012 Has an expansive host range, including fruits, vegetables, landscape ornamentals, and some row crops Is also considered a nuisance pest

BMSB Activity in Northern Utah Year Total # of BMSB found County 2012 2 Salt Lake 2013 5 Salt Lake and Utah 2014 31* Most specimens (2014) were found on the Univ. of Utah campus Catalpa trees may act as wild hosts

Bmsb Look-alikes

BMSB Monitoring Pheromone-baited pyramid traps Visual searches / beating sheets

BMSB Management (Cultural Control) Place screens over windows, doors, and vents Remove window air conditioners Repair caulking cracks

BMSB Management (Chemical Control) BMSB can be difficult to manage Movement between habitats Cryptic, difficult to sample Poor response to insecticides Evidence of resistance development Repopulation occurs through migration from non-treated areas

BMSB Management (Biological Control) Parasitoid from China > 50% egg parasitism in China Low levels of parasitism in the U.S. (4%)

Needs Assessment (Research and Extension Activities) USDA-ARS-NIFA SCRI Planning Grant 2014-51181-22514 We need your help!

BMSB Needs Assessment (Extension and Research Priorities) What BMSB host crops do you grow? Circle all that apply. Please also indicate the area grown for each crop (i.e., less than 1 acre, 1-10 acres, 11-25 acres, 26-50 acres, 51-100 acres, or more than 100 acres). Peach 1-10 acres Pear Apricot Apple less than 1 acre Cherry Nectarine …

BMSB Needs Assessment (Extension and Research Priorities) What BMSB extension activities do you consider most important? Rank priorities numerically with 1 being the highest priority, 2 being the next, etc. Please rank all choices. Activity Rank Education programs to growers and the general public 15 Educational programming for structural and landscape industries 7 Deliver economic injury thresholds 6 Coordinate efforts of state and regional extension programs 11 Online management guides 1 Raise awareness of importance of BMSB as pest—APHIS, local political channels 10 Use BMSB as an opportunity to educate children 9 Educating professionals to pest ID and diagnosis of injury 14 Education programs relevant to development of biological control projects 4 Include education programs relevant to classical biological control 8 Educational programs relevant to invasive biology using BMSB 16 Develop revised and unified management plans 2 Initiate public awareness campaigns (e.g., posters, public service announcements, educational materials, social media) 13 Develop treatment recommendations and guidelines for urban environments 3 Extension outreach and education programming for urban environment/homeowners 12 Real time pest alerts 5

Stars indicate date of first trap capture