REVISION MATERIAL FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES

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Presentation transcript:

REVISION MATERIAL FOR PHYSICAL SCIENCES DEFINITIONS: WORK< ENERGY and POWER GRADE 12 2015

Work The work done on an object by a constant force F is F Δx cos θ , where F is the magnitude of the force, Δx the magnitude of the displacement and θ the angle between the force and the displacement.

The Work-Energy Theorem The net/total work done on an object is equal to the change in the object's kinetic energy OR the work done on an object by a resultant/net force is equal to the change in the object's kinetic energy. In symbols: Wnet = Δ K = Kf - Ki.

A Conservative Force A conservative force is a force for which the work done in moving an object between two points is independent of the path taken. Examples are gravitational force, the elastic force in a spring and electrostatic forces (coulomb forces).

A non-conservative force A non-conservative force is a force for which the work done in moving an object between two points depends on the path taken. Examples are frictional force, air resistance, tension in a chord, etc.

The principle of conservation of mechanical energy The total mechanical energy (sum of gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy) in an isolated system remains constant. (A system is isolated when the resultant/net external force acting on the system is zero.)

Power Power is the rate at which work is done or energy is expended.

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