Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages Certificate IV TESOL Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages 10317NAT next 1

Unit 5 Session 16 November 5th In this lesson we will look at: Lesson planning The teacher’s role during speaking activities Speaking materials – research activities next 2

Lesson Planning Stage Features of the stage Building knowledge of the field Introduce the text and register Observe grammatical structures used. Do some practice exercises and activities (written and spoken) Build vocabulary range Modelling the text Analyse text structure Discuss the cultural aspects of the interaction Observe turn-taking strategies Controlled speaking practice Joint construction Transfer the genre to another situation (e.g. shopping to upholstery fabric) Individual construction Roleplays 3

Lesson Planning Practise activities – to help students practise a specific aspect of spoken language. There are two types of activities that should be given equal attention within each lesson: Controlled –accuracy being the goal Free – fluency being the goal next 4

Lesson Planning Activities to develop accuracy Activities to develop accuracy are tightly controlled. The process of the activity is carefully described; The language produced during the activity is tightly prescribed; The teacher usually keeps a high degree of control over what is happening during the activity; The teacher also offers immediate correction and intervention when errors occur; Example activities: Chorus repetition after the teacher, or substitution drills with a variety of prompts (pictures, single words, etc.) See more examples on pages 91 - 98 next 5

Lesson Planning Activities to develop fluency Activities designed to develop fluency are less concerned with the grammatical accuracy of the language produced in the process. Instead, they are more concerned with: The completion of a task which is dependent on being able to communicate something; The activity giving a communicative context requiring the use of structure students have been practising; The transfer of newly gained knowledge and skills to the communicative task Example activities: Roleplays where situations and characters are loosely described and the language to be used includes what they have been learning. TASK Can you describe one speaking activity for each of the goals? next 6

Lesson Planning Developing speaking skills It is helpful to offer a range of activities moving from tightly controlled practice for accuracy to free activities facilitating practise for fluency. When introducing new language in the context of speaking genres we want to begin with the practice activities that will offer the learner as much support and correction as necessary, and then engage in activities with less support, moving towards free activities which will incorporate structures and vocabulary that you have been focussing on in your practise for accuracy. 7

Communicative activity examples: TASK Describe two speaking activities for developing accuracy and fluency using the examples on pages 91 – 98. Picture description Information gaps Games Discussion groups Interviews Surveys Roleplays Find the differences Describe and arrange Find someone who… Show and tell Negotiations (many possibilities) Rank order next 8

The teacher’s role during speaking activities Controlled – the teacher will maintain complete control of the process, indicating when learners should speak and indicating what they should say. Controlled-free – the teacher will be seen wandering the classroom listening closely to language production and offering feedback and correction when errors are apparent. Free – the teacher’s role is to set up the activity, give clear instructions, and get the learner started. The teacher can monitor the groups to see that the activity is progressing, prompt where necessary to get the group going again, and make notes on common errors which can be addressed at the end of the activity. next 9

TASK Turn to page 89 - 90 and read the case study in TASK 5.1 of your workbook. Complete TASK 5.6 – use the template provided in your workbook on pages 96-97 to write a lesson plan focused on Teaching Speaking. Use the model on pages 88-89 of your text book as a guide. next 10