Volume 12, Issue 10, Pages 1041-1043 (December 2011) Morvan chorea and agrypnia excitata: When video-polysomnographic recording guides the diagnosis  Federica Provini, Sara Marconi, Marcello Amadori, Pietro Guaraldi, Giulia Pierangeli, Pietro Cortelli, Elio Lugaresi, Pasquale Montagna, Paolo Tinuper  Sleep Medicine  Volume 12, Issue 10, Pages 1041-1043 (December 2011) DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.05.005 Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 (A) The 8-h hypnogram (top) shows a complete loss of the cyclic sleep organization with a marked reduction of N2 and N3 sleep stages and with a predominance of a mixed state N1-REM sleep. The total sleep time was only 62min throughout the night. At the bottom, squares indicate the episodes of oneiric stupor (OS). (B) Excerpt of PSG corresponding to the first motor episode showed in the Video. The vertical line indicates the onset of the episode (the end coincided with the end of the excerpt). EEG is characterized by a diffuse low-amplitude activity without well-formed spindles and K complexes. Slow-eye movements appeared together with fluctuating tonic and phasic muscle activity. EEG (F4-A1; C4-A1; O2-A1; Cz-A1; F3-A2; C3-A2; O1-A2); R.: right; L.: left; EOG: electro-oculogram; Mylo.: mylohyoideus muscle; ECG: electrocardiogram; Bic. Brac.: biceps brachii muscle; Tib. ant.: tibialis anterior muscle; Th. Resp.: thoracic respirogram; Ab. Resp.: abdominal respirogram. (C) Excerpt of PSG (relaxed wakefulness). EMG tracings show continuous muscle-fiber activity in the shape of repetitive motor unit potential bursts, with abrupt beginning and ending, associated with myoclonic activity. EEG (F3-A2; O2-A1; Cz-A1); EOG: electro-oculogram; Mylo.: mylohyoideus muscle; R.: right; L.: left; EOG: electro-oculogram; Mylo.: mylohyoideus muscle; Bic. Brac.: biceps brachii muscle; Tib. ant.: tibialis anterior muscle; ECG: electrocardiogram; T-A Resp.: thoraco-abdominal respirogram. Sleep Medicine 2011 12, 1041-1043DOI: (10.1016/j.sleep.2011.05.005) Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. Terms and Conditions