3 Gluteal Muscles Gluteus Maximus O – illium, sacrum & coccyx A – extension & external rotation of femur

Gluteus Maximus – Insertions outer femur (below greater trochanter) Ilio Tibial Band (ITB)

Gluteus Medius Origin – posterior illium Insertion – tip greater trochanter Action – abduction Medial rotation of hip Stabilize the pelvis

Gluteus Minimus Origin – posterior illium Insertion – tip greater trochanter Action – abduction Medial rotation of hip Stabilize the pelvis Pictured as seen through Glute Medius

Hamstrings Group Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosis Origin – Ischial Tuberosity (sit bone) Insertion – tibia & fibula Action – hip extension + knee flexion

Hamstrings Group Biceps Femoris Semitendinosus Semimembranosis

Adductors Adductor Magnus Pectineus Adductor Longus Adductor Brevis Gracilis Origin – Ischial Tuberosity (sit bone) Insertion – Medial Femur Action – Adduction of the femur Some may act as Hamstrings also

Adductor Magnus Origin – Ischial Tuberosity Insertion – medial femur Action – adduction of femur

Gastrocnemius O – condyles of femur I – calcaneus via the Achilles tendon A - plantar flexion of the ankle OR assists knee flexion

Tibialis Anterior O – Anterior Tibia I – Base of 1st Metatarsal A - dorsi flexion of the ankle & inversion of foot

Quadriceps Group Rectus Femoris Vastus medialis Vastus intermedius Vastus lateralis O – Anterior Superior Illiac Spine (ASIS) O – Femur I – Tibia via Patellar Tendon A – knee extension Rectus Femoris also acts as a hip extensor

iliopsoas Iliacus O – illium Psoas O – T12 – L4 I – lessor trochanter A – flexion & abduction & lateral rotation of hip + spinal movements psoas iliacus iliopsoas

Sciatic Nerve Posterior View

The result of tight hamstrings & adductors